Beyond the Situation: Hanging Out with Peers now is Associated with Short-Term Mindsets Later

This dataset is a subset of the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood (z-proso), serving to conduct the analyses presented in this associated publication. Z-proso provides rich longitudinal data from a representative sample of 1,675 adolescents from Zurich, Switzerland.

Publication abstract:
The research in the publication at hand served to test whether frequently hanging out with peers has effects on decision making cognition beyond the situation:

It is well-established that unstructured unsupervised socializing with peers (UUS) motivates deviance while in that specific context. In this article, we extend this situational view by arguing that repeated UUS may also gradually shape adolescents’ norms and decision making beyond the situation. Specifically, we argue that UUS promotes short-term mindsets, i.e., an increased focus on present rewards at the expense of considering future consequences. We test this hypothesis with fixed-effects models, using longitudinal data from a representative sample of 1,675 adolescents from Zurich, Switzerland. Consistent with our preregistered predictions, more frequent UUS is associated with increased short-term mindsets. Thus, our finding suggests that the effects of UUS on later deviance might be driven by becoming more present-oriented. This link offers new insights into the developmental pathways toward adolescent delinquency and offers a potential target for intervention.

本数据集是苏黎世儿童至成年社会发展项目（Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood，z-proso）的子集，用于开展相关关联出版物中所述分析。z-proso提供了来自瑞士苏黎世1675名青少年代表性样本的丰富纵向数据。

出版物摘要：本出版物中的研究旨在检验频繁与同伴交往是否会对情境之外的决策认知产生影响：已有充分研究证实，在特定情境下，无结构无监督同伴社交（unstructured unsupervised socializing with peers，UUS）会诱发偏差行为。本文通过论证重复的UUS可能也会逐步塑造青少年在情境之外的规范与决策，拓展了这一情境视角。具体而言，我们认为UUS会促进短期思维模式，即更关注当下回报而忽视未来后果。我们使用来自瑞士苏黎世1675名青少年代表性样本的纵向数据，通过固定效应模型（fixed-effects models）对该假设进行了检验。与我们的预注册预测（preregistered predictions）一致，更频繁的UUS与更强的短期思维模式相关。因此，我们的研究结果表明，UUS对后期偏差行为的影响可能源于个体变得更注重当下。这一关联为理解青少年犯罪的发展路径提供了新的洞见，并为干预措施提供了潜在靶点。