Cellularity & Growth Form Data Version April 2023

Cellularity & growth form data derived from the following sources: 

Abdullin, S.R., Bagmet, V.B., Nikulin, A.Y., Nikulin, V.Y., Gorpenchenko, T.Y., Grishin, S.Y., Allaguvatova, R.Z. and Gontcharov, A.A., 2022. Emended description of the genus Eremochloris (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), with Eremochloris kamchatica sp. nov. from Kamchatka, Russia. Phycologia, 61(2), pp.175-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2021.2024710

Adl, S.M., Bass, D., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Schoch, C.L., Smirnov, A., Agatha, S., Berney, C., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Cárdenas, P., Čepička, I., Chistyakova, L., Campo, J. del, Dunthorn, M., Edvardsen, B., Eglit, Y., Guillou, L., Hampl, V., Heiss, A.A., Hoppenrath, M., James, T.Y., Karnkowska, A., Karpov, S., Kim, E., Kolisko, M., Kudryavtsev, A., Lahr, D.J.G., Lara, E., Gall, L.L., Lynn, D.H., Mann, D.G., Massana, R., Mitchell, E.A.D., Morrow, C., Park, J.S., Pawlowski, J.W., Powell, M.J., Richter, D.J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Shimano, S., Spiegel, F.W., Torruella, G., Youssef, N., Zlatogursky, V., Zhang, Q., 2019. Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66, 4–119. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691

Alberghina, J.S., Vigna, M.S., Confalonieri, V.A., 2006. Phylogenetic position of the Oedogoniales within the green algae (Chlorophyta) and the evolution of the absolute orientation of the flagellar apparatus. Plant Syst. Evol. 261, 151–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-006-0449-2

Amaral, R., Fawley, K.P., Němcová, Y., Ševčíková, T., Lukešová, A., Fawley, M.W., Santos, L.M. and Eliáš, M., 2020. Toward Modern Classification of Eustigmatophytes, Including the Description of Neomonodaceae Fam. Nov. and Three New Genera. Journal of Phycology, 56(3), pp.630-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12980

Andersen, R.A., 1987. Synurophyceae classis nov., a new class of algae. American journal of botany, 74(3), pp.337-353. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443810

Antonio, M., Schulze-Makuch, D., 2012. Toward a New Understanding of Multicellularity. Hypotheses in the Life Sciences 2, 4–14. http://www.hy-ls.org/index.php/hyls/article/view/89/0

Arneson, R.D., 1973. Pseudotetracystis, a new chlorosarcinean alga. Journal of Phycology, 9(1), pp.10-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1973.tb04056.x

Aslam, Z., Shin, W., Kim, M.K., Im, W.T. and Lee, S.T., 2007. Marinichlorella kaistiae gen. et sp. nov.(Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) based on polyphasic taxonomy. Journal of Phycology, 43(3), pp.576-584. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00345.x

Badewitz, H. (2004). The genus Microcorycia Cockerell, 1911 (Testacealobosia, Rhizopoda, Protozoa). A critical monograph of the genus including a first description of a new species: Microcorycia scutella n. sp. Lauterbornia 50: 111-146. 

Bakker, M.E., De Jong, Y.S. and Lokhorst, G.M., 1997. The flagellar apparatus ultrastructure in Leptosira erumpens (Deason & Bold) lukesová and its contribution to the understanding of phylogenese relationships within the microthamniales (chlorophyta). Archiv für Protistenkunde, 148(1-2), pp.17-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(97)80033-4

Barcytė, D., Hodač, L. and Nedbalová, L., 2017. Lunachloris lukesovae gen. et sp. nov.(Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a novel coccoid green alga isolated from soil in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. European Journal of Phycology, 52(3), pp.281-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1283541

Barsanti, L., Frassanito, A.M., Passarelli, V., Evangelista, V., Etebari, M., Paccagnini, E., Lupetti, P., Lenzi, P., Verni, F. and Gualtieri, P., 2013. Tetraflagellochloris mauritanica gen. et sp. nov.(Chlorophyceae), a new flagellated alga from the mauritanian desert: morphology, ultrastructure, and phylogenetic framing. Journal of Phycology, 49(1), pp.178-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01232.x

Bass, D., Chao, E.E.-Y., Nikolaev, S., Yabuki, A., Ishida, K., Berney, C., Pakzad, U., Wylezich, C., Cavalier-Smith, T., 2009. Phylogeny of Novel Naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea Revised. Protist 160, 75–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002

Becker, B., Marin, B., 2009. Streptophyte algae and the origin of embryophytes. Annals of Botany 103, 999–1004. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp044

Bernard, Catherine, Alastair G. B. Simpson & David J. Patterson (2000) Some free-living flagellates (protista) from anoxic habitats Ophelia 52(2):113-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.1999.10409422

Berney, C., Geisen, S., Van Wichelen, J., Nitsche, F., Vanormelingen, P., Bonkowski, M. and Bass, D., 2015. Expansion of the __reticulosphere__: diversity of novel branching and network-forming amoebae helps to define Variosea (Amoebozoa). Protist, 166(2):271-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2015.04.001

Biard, T., 2022. Diversity and ecology of Radiolaria in modern oceans. Environmental Microbiology 24, 2179–2200. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16004

Blackwell, W.H., Letcher, P.M. and Powell, M.J., 2019. Review of Nucleophaga (a primitive,__cryptomycotan__genus): Summary of named and unnamed species, with discussion of contemporary and historical observations. Phytologia, 101, pp.1-18. 

Bock, C., Luo, W., Kusber, W.H., Hegewald, E., Pažoutová, M. and Krienitz, L., 2013. Classification of crucigenoid algae: phylogenetic position of the reinstated genus Lemmermannia, Tetrastrum spp. Crucigenia tetrapedia, and C. lauterbornii (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). Journal of Phycology, 49(2), pp.329-339. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12039

Bovee, E.C. and Sawyer, T.K., 1979. Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States: Protozoa, Sarcodina, Amoebae (Vol. 419). Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 

Bovee, E.C., 1953. Oscillosignum nov. gen. proboscidium nov. sp., type form of its genus, family Mayorellidae, order Amoebida. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 72(4):328-332. https://doi.org/10.2307/3223477

Bovee, E.C., 1985. The lobose amebas: III. Descriptions of nine new conopodous amebas of the genus Vexillifera Schaeffek, 1926, emd. Bovee 1951, 1970, with comments on the genus. Archiv für Protistenkunde, 129(1-4):101-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(85)80013-0

Brown, M.W., Silberman, J.D. (2013). The Non-dictyostelid Sorocarpic Amoebae. In: Romeralo, M., Baldauf, S., Escalante, R. (eds) Dictyostelids. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38487-5_12

Buchheim, M.A., Michalopulos, E.A. and Buchheim, J.A., 2001. Phylogeny of the Chlorophyceae with special reference to the Sphaeropleales: a study of 18S and 26S rDNA data. Journal of Phycology, 37(5), pp.819-835. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.00162.x

Burki, F., Roger, A.J., Brown, M.W., Simpson, A.G.B., 2020. The New Tree of Eukaryotes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 35, 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2019.08.008

Bush, M.J., Gallagher, K.A., Chandra, G., Findlay, K.C. and Schlimpert, S., 2022. Hyphal compartmentalization and sporulation in Streptomyces require the conserved cell division protein SepX. Nature Communications, 13(1), pp.1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27638-1

Caisová, L., Marin, B., Sausen, N., Pröschold, T. and Melkonian, M., 2011. Polyphyly of Chaetophora and Stigeoclonium within the chaetophorales (Chlorophyceae), revealed by sequence comparisons of nuclear-encoded SSU rRNA genes. Journal of Phycology, 47(1), pp.164-177. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00949.x

Carr, M., Leadbeater, B. S., Hassan, R., Nelson, M., & Baldauf, S. L. (2008). Molecular phylogeny of choanoflagellates, the sister group to Metazoa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(43):16641–16646. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0801667105

Cavalier-Smith, T., 1998. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biological Reviews, 73(3), pp.203-266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0006323198005167

Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E.E.-Y., 2003. Phylogeny and Classification of Phylum Cercozoa (Protozoa). Protist 154, 341–358. https://doi.org/10.1078/143446103322454112

Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E.E.-Y., 2006. Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (kingdom Chromista). J. Mol. Evol. 62, 388–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8

Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E.E., Lewis, R., 2016. 187-gene phylogeny of protozoan phylum Amoebozoa reveals a new class (Cutosea) of deep-branching, ultrastructurally unique, enveloped marine Lobosa and clarifies amoeba evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 99, 275–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.023

Chardez D., Beyens L. (1988). Centropyxis gasparella sp.nov. and Parmulina louisi sp.nov., new testate amoebae from the Canadian High Arctic (Devon Island, NWT). Arch. Protistenkd. 136:337–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(88)80014-9

Cheng, S., Xian, W., Fu, Y., Marin, B., Keller, J., Wu, T., Sun, W., Li, X., Xu, Y., Zhang, Y. and Wittek, S., 2019. Genomes of subaerial Zygnematophyceae provide insights into land plant evolution. Cell, 179(5), pp.1057-1067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.019

Chihara, M., Inouye, I. and Takahata, N., 1986. Oltmannsiellopsis, a new genus of marine flagellate (Dunaliellaceae, Chlorophyceae). Archiv für Protistenkunde, 132(4), pp.313-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(86)80026-4

Clamp, J.C. and Williams, D., 2006. A Molecular Phylogenetic Investigation of Zoothamnium (Ciliophora, Peritrichia, Sessilida) 1. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 53(6), pp.494-498. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2006.00132.x

Cocquyt, E., Verbruggen, H., Leliaert, F., De Clerck, O., 2010. Evolution and Cytological Diversification of the Green Seaweeds (Ulvophyceae). Molecular Biology and Evolution 27, 2052–2061. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msq091

Coesel, P.F.M., Krienitz, L., 2008. Diversity and geographic distribution of desmids and other coccoid green algae. Biodivers Conserv 17, 381–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9256-5

Cook, M.E., 2004. Structure and asexual reproduction of the enigmatic charophycean green alga Entransia fimbriata (Klebsormidiales, Charophyceae). Journal of Phycology, 40(2), pp.424-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2004.03130.x

Cook, M.E., Graham, L.E., 2016. Chlorokybophyceae, Klebsormidiophyceae, Coleochaetophyceae, in: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C.H., Margulis, L., Melkonian, M., Chapman, D.J., Corliss, J.O. (Eds.), Handbook of the Protists. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_36-1

Darienko T, Rad-Menéndez C, Campbell CN, Pröschold T. 2021. Molecular Phylogeny of Unicellular Marine Coccoid Green Algae Revealed New Insights into the Systematics of the Ulvophyceae (Chlorophyta). Microorganisms 9(8):1586. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081586

Darienko, T., Gustavs, L. and Pröschold, T., 2016. Species concept and nomenclatural changes within the genera Elliptochloris and Pseudochlorella (Trebouxiophyceae) based on an integrative approach. Journal of Phycology, 52(6), pp.1125-1145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12481

Darienko, T., Gustavs, L., Eggert, A., Wolf, W. and Pröschold, T., 2015. Evaluating the species boundaries of green microalgae (Coccomyxa, Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) using integrative taxonomy and DNA barcoding with further implications for the species identification in environmental samples. PloS one, 10(6), p.e0127838. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127838

de Albuquerque, J.P., Keim, C.N. and Lins, U., 2010. Comparative analysis of Beggiatoa from hypersaline and marine environments. Micron, 41(5), pp.507-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2010.01.009

Dick, M.W., 2013. Straminipilous Fungi: systematics of the Peronosporomycetes including accounts of the marine straminipilous protists, the plasmodiophorids and similar organisms. Springer Science & Business Media. 

Dodsworth, J.A., Gevorkian, J., Despujos, F., Cole, J.K., Murugapiran, S.K., Ming, H., Li, W.J., Zhang, G., Dohnalkova, A. and Hedlund, B.P., 2014. Thermoflexus hugenholtzii gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, microaerophilic, filamentous bacterium representing a novel class in the Chloroflexi, Thermoflexia classis nov., and description of Thermoflexaceae fam. nov. and Thermoflexales ord. nov. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 64(Pt_6), pp.2119-2127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.055855-0

Dwyer, J., Burwell, B., Humber, R.A., Mcleod, C., Fleetwood, M., Johnson, T. 2006. Schizangiella serpentis infection in a Virginia ratsnake (Elaphe obsoleta). Veterinary Pathology. 43(5):819-819. Dyková, I., Kostka, M. and Pecková, H., 2010. Grellamoeba robusta gen. n., sp. n., a possible member of the family Acramoebidae Smirnov, Nassonova et Cavalier-Smith, 2008. European Journal of Protistology, 46(2), pp.77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2009.10.004

Eikrem W. et al. (2017) Haptophyta. In: Archibald J. et al. (eds) Handbook of the Protists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_38-2

Elliott, G.F., 1958. Fossil microproblematica from the Middle East. Micropaleontology, 4(4), pp.419-428. https://doi.org/10.2307/1484269

Figueroa‐Martinez, F., Nedelcu, A.M., Smith, D.R., Reyes‐Prieto, A., 2015. When the lights go out: the evolutionary fate of free‐living colorless green algae. New Phytol 206, 972–982. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13279

Fisher, R.M. and Regenberg, B., 2019. Multicellular group formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 286(1910):20191098. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1098

Foflonker, F., Mollegard, D., Ong, M., Yoon, H.S. and Bhattacharya, D., 2018. Genomic analysis of Picochlorum species reveals how microalgae may adapt to variable environments. Molecular biology and evolution, 35(11), pp.2702-2711. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy167

Freese, J.M. and Lane, C.E., 2017. Parasitism finds many solutions to the same problems in red algae (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta). Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 214, pp.105-111. https://10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.04.006

Friedl, T., 1995. Inferring taxonomic positions and testing genus level assignments in coccoid green lichen algae: a phylogenetic analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA sequences from Dictyochloropsis reticulata and from members of the genus Myrmecia (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae cl. nov.). Journal of Phycology, 31(4), pp.632-639. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1995.tb02559.x

Galindo, L.J., Torruella, G., Moreira, D., Eglit, Y., Simpson, A.G., Völcker, E., Clauß, S. and López-García, P., 2019. Combined cultivation and single-cell approaches to the phylogenomics of nucleariid amoebae, close relatives of fungi. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 374(1786), p.20190094. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0094

Gast, R.J., 2017. Centrohelida and Other Heliozoan-Like Protists, in: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C.H., Margulis, L., Melkonian, M., Chapman, D.J., Corliss, J.O. (Eds.), Handbook of the Protists. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_28-1

Gaysina, L., Němcová, Y., Škaloud, P., Ševčíková, T. And Eliáš, M., 2013. Chloropyrula uraliensis gen. et sp. nov.(T rebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a new green coccoid alga with a unique ultrastructure, isolated from soil in South Urals. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 51(4), pp.476-484. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12014

Goldstein, S.T. (1999). Foraminifera: A biological overview. In: Modern Foraminifera. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48104-9_3

Gong, S., Li, Z., Zhang, F., Xiao, Y. and Cheng, H., 2018. Symbiochlorum hainanensis gen. et sp. nov.(Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) isolated from bleached corals living in the South China Sea. Journal of phycology, 54(6), pp.811-817. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12779

Gontcharov, A.A. and Melkonian, M., 2004. Unusual position of the genus Spirotaenia (Zygnematophyceae) among streptophytes revealed by SSU rDNA and rbc L sequence comparisons. Phycologia, 43(1), pp.105-113. https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-43-1-105.1

Graf, L., Yang, E.C., Boo, G.H., Andersen, R.A., Yoon, H.S., 2020. Further investigations on the Phaeothamniophyceae using a multigene phylogeny, with descriptions of five new species. Journal of Phycology 56, 358–379. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12950

Grell, K.G. (1966). Amöben der Familie Stereomyxidae. Arch.Protistenk. 109, 147-154. 

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. April 15, 2014. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=45655

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. April 8, 2013. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43370

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. December 21, 2011. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=46383

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. July 11, 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43400

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. July 11, 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43401

Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. July 9, 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43446

Hall J.D., McCourt R. (2017) Zygnematophyta. In: Archibald J. et al. (eds) Handbook of the Protists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_41-2

Hall, J.D. and McCourt, R.M., 2015. Conjugating green algae including desmids. In Freshwater Algae of North America (pp. 429-457). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385876-4.00009-8

Han, K.Y., Maciszewski, K., Graf, L., Yang, J.H., Andersen, R.A., Karnkowska, A. and Yoon, H.S., 2019. Dictyochophyceae plastid genomes reveal unusual variability in their organization. Journal of phycology, 55(5), pp.1166-1180. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12904

Hanada S. (2014) The Phylum Chloroflexi, the Family Chloroflexaceae, and the Related Phototrophic Families Oscillochloridaceae and Roseiflexaceae. In: Rosenberg E., DeLong E.F., Lory S., Stackebrandt E., Thompson F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_165

Hassett, B., Vonnahme, T., Peng, X., Jones, E. and Heuzé, C. (2020) Global diversity and geography of planktonic marine fungi. Botanica Marina, Vol. 63 (Issue 2), pp. 121-139. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2018-0113

Heesch, S., Pažoutová, M., Moniz, M.B. and Rindi, F., 2016. Prasiolales (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) of the Svalbard Archipelago: diversity, biogeography and description of the new genera Prasionella and Prasionema. European Journal of Phycology, 51(2), pp.171-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2015.1115557

Hehenberger, E., Tikhonenkov, D.V., Kolisko, M., Del Campo, J., Esaulov, A.S., Mylnikov, A.P. and Keeling, P.J., 2017. Novel predators reshape holozoan phylogeny and reveal the presence of a two-component signaling system in the ancestor of animals. Current Biology, 27(13), pp.2043-2050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.006

Heiss, A.A., Brown, M.W., Simpson, A.G.B., 2016. Apusomonadida, in: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C.H., Margulis, L., Melkonian, M., Chapman, D.J., Corliss, J.O. (Eds.), Handbook of the Protists. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_15-1

Herron, M., Nedelcu, A., 2015. Volvocine Algae: From Simple to Complex Multicellularity. pp. 129–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9642-2_7

Hess, S., 2021. The amoebae of Idionectes vortex (Cutosea, Amoebozoa): Motility, cytoskeleton architecture and extracellular scales. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 68(6), p.e12869. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12869

Heynig, H., 1991. Oocystopsis ng—eine neue gattung der chlorophyceae (chlorellales, oocystaceae). Archiv für Protistenkunde, 139(1-4), pp.291-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(11)80027-8

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