Scale-bar questions of AI experience.

Purpose
To assess experience with and perceptions of clinical application of artificial intelligence (AI) to chest radiographs among doctors in a single hospital.
Materials and methods
A hospital-wide online survey of the use of commercially available AI-based lesion detection software for chest radiographs was conducted with all clinicians and radiologists at our hospital in this prospective study. In our hospital, version 2 of the abovementioned software was utilized from March 2020 to February 2021 and could detect three types of lesions. Version 3 was utilized for chest radiographs by detecting nine types of lesions from March 2021. The participants of this survey answered questions on their own experience using AI-based software in daily practice. The questionnaires were composed of single choice, multiple choices, and scale bar questions. Answers were analyzed according to the clinicians and radiologists using paired t-test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Results
One hundred twenty-three doctors answered the survey, and 74% completed all questions. The proportion of individuals who utilized AI was higher among radiologists than clinicians (82.5% vs. 45.9%, p = 0.008). AI was perceived as being the most useful in the emergency room, and pneumothorax was considered the most valuable finding. Approximately 21% of clinicians and 16% of radiologists changed their own reading results after referring to AI, and trust levels for AI were 64.9% and 66.5%, respectively. Participants thought AI helped reduce reading times and reading requests. They answered that AI helped increase diagnostic accuracy and were more positive about AI after actual usage.
Conclusion
Actual adaptation of AI for daily chest radiographs received overall positive feedback from clinicians and radiologists in this hospital-wide survey. Participating doctors preferred to use AI and regarded it more favorably after actual working with the AI-based software in daily clinical practice.

研究目的：评估某单中心医院内临床医师对人工智能（Artificial Intelligence, AI）用于胸部X线摄影的使用经验与认知情况。

材料与方法：本前瞻性研究针对本院所有临床医师与放射科医师开展全院性线上调查，以调研其使用商用AI辅助胸部X线病变检测软件的情况。本院于2020年3月至2021年2月期间使用该软件的V2版本，其可检测3类病变；2021年3月起启用V3版本，该版本可检测9类胸部X线病变。本次调查的受试者需作答其日常临床工作中使用AI辅助软件的相关问题，问卷题型包含单选题、多选题与等级量表题。采用配对t检验与威尔科克森秩和检验，分别对临床医师与放射科医师的作答结果进行统计分析。

结果：本次调查共回收123份有效医师问卷，其中74%的受试者完成了全部题目。放射科医师使用AI辅助软件的比例显著高于临床医师（82.5% vs. 45.9%，p=0.008）。受试者普遍认为AI在急诊场景中应用价值最高，而气胸被认为是最具临床价值的检测目标。约21%的临床医师与16%的放射科医师在参考AI辅助结果后修改了自身的阅片结论；医师对AI的信任度分别为64.9%（临床医师）与66.5%（放射科医师）。多数受试者表示AI有助于缩短阅片时长、减少阅片申请量，并提升诊断准确性；且在实际使用AI后，医师对其认可度显著提升。

结论：本次全院性调查结果显示，临床医师与放射科医师对日常胸部X线摄影中AI辅助应用的整体反馈均为积极。参与调查的医师更倾向于使用AI辅助工具，且在实际日常临床工作中使用该软件后，对AI的评价更为正面。