TABLE 1 in Cephalanthera yintiaolingensis (Orchidaceae, Epidendroidee, Neottieae), a new mycoheterotrophic orchid from Northeast Chongqing, China

TABLE 1. Morphological comparison of Cephalanthera yintiaolingensis, C.exigua, and C. subaphylla. Owing to the unavailable physical material, characters of C.exigua were referred to Seidenfaden (1975), Pedersen et al. (2009), and Nuraliev et al. (2014), and those of C. subaphylla were referring to Miyabe & Kudô (1932), Hayakawa et al. (2016), and Shin et al. (2019).
C. yintiaolingensisC. exiguaC. subaphyllaNutrition modeMycoheterotrophicMycoheterotrophicMixotrophicRootsObviously fleshySlightly fleshySlightly fleshyLeavesAchlorophyllous and sheath-likeAchlorophyllous and sheath-likeWith 1–2 leaves bearing blade ca. 3without obvious bladewithout obvious bladecm longLower bractsShorter or same length as pedicel andShorter or same length as pedicel andObviously longer than pedicel andovaryovaryovarySepalsObtuse at apexAcuminate at apexMore or less emarginate at apexLateral petalsObtuse at apexObtuse at apexMore or less acute at apexLipSpur conical, acuminate at apex;Without spur; lateral lobes falcate;Spur conical, obtuse at apex; laterallateral lobes falcate; middle lobemiddle lobe reniform with cuspidatelobes ovate-triangle; middle lobeflabellate with acuminate apex; lipapex; lip with three lamellaetransversely reniform with obtusewith five to seven lamellaeapex; lip with three lamellaeFertile stamenAnther hinged at the top of columnAnther hinged at the top of columnAnther sited directly on the top ofwith a short stalkwith a short stalkcolumnDistributionCentral West ChinaLaos, Thailand and VietnamJapan and Korea

表1. 银条头蕊兰（Cephalanthera yintiaolingensis）、细茎头蕊兰（C. exigua）与无叶头蕊兰（C. subaphylla）的形态特征比较。由于无法获取实物标本材料，细茎头蕊兰的形态特征参考了Seidenfaden（1975）、Pedersen等人（2009）及Nuraliev等人（2014）的研究文献；无叶头蕊兰的形态特征则参考了Miyabe与Kudô（1932）、Hayakawa等人（2016）及Shin等人（2019）的研究文献。
1. 营养方式：银条头蕊兰为菌异养（Mycoheterotrophic），细茎头蕊兰为菌异养，无叶头蕊兰为混合营养（Mixotrophic）。
2. 根系：银条头蕊兰根系明显肉质，细茎头蕊兰与无叶头蕊兰根系稍显肉质。
3. 叶片：银条头蕊兰与细茎头蕊兰的叶片无叶绿素，呈鞘状；无叶头蕊兰具1~2枚叶，叶片长约3厘米，无明显叶身。
4. 下部苞片：银条头蕊兰与细茎头蕊兰的下部苞片与花梗和子房近等长或更短；无叶头蕊兰的下部苞片明显长于花梗和子房。
5. 萼片：银条头蕊兰与细茎头蕊兰的萼片先端钝；无叶头蕊兰的萼片先端微凹。
6. 侧花瓣：银条头蕊兰与细茎头蕊兰的侧花瓣先端钝；无叶头蕊兰的侧花瓣先端近急尖。
7. 唇瓣：银条头蕊兰的唇瓣具圆锥形距，距先端渐尖；侧裂片镰状；中裂片肾形，先端具骤尖；唇瓣具3条褶片。细茎头蕊兰的唇瓣无距；侧裂片镰状；中裂片卵形三角形，先端扇形且渐尖；唇瓣具5~7条褶片。无叶头蕊兰的唇瓣具圆锥形距，距先端钝；侧裂片卵形三角形；中裂片横肾形，先端钝；唇瓣具3条褶片。
8. 可育雄蕊：银条头蕊兰与细茎头蕊兰的花药以短柄铰接于蕊柱顶端；无叶头蕊兰的花药直接着生于蕊柱顶端。
9. 分布：银条头蕊兰分布于中国中西部；细茎头蕊兰分布于老挝、泰国及越南；无叶头蕊兰分布于日本与韩国。