Advantages of Magnetic Compression in Rat Colonic Anastomosis: A Comparative Study with a Transcriptomic Perspective

Background: Colorectal anastomosis is a common procedure in colorectal cancer surgery, but traditional suturing is technically demanding and prone to complications. Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) offers a simpler, minimally invasive alternative with favorable outcomes. This study compares the healing effects of MCA and conventional suturing in rat colonic anastomosis and investigates the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-230 g) were randomly divided into an MCA group and a suture (control) group. The survival rates, and histological and transcriptomic profiles of the anastomotic sites were compared. Results: The survival rate of the MCA group (100%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (70%). Histological examination showed improved tissue alignment and more continuous mucosal surfaces in the MCA group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes between the MCA and control groups were highly enriched in immune-inflammatory pathways. PPI network analysis identified IL-1ß as a key molecule, with significantly elevated expression in the MCA group. Results: The survival rate of the MCA group (100%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (70%). Histological examination showed improved tissue alignment and more continuous mucosal surfaces in the MCA group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes between the MCA and control groups were highly enriched in immune-inflammatory pathways. PPI network analysis identified IL-1ß as a key molecule, with significantly elevated expression in the MCA group. Conclusion: MCA is a simple, low-complication method for colonic anastomosis in rats. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that IL-1ß may play a pivotal role in enhancing the efficacy of MCA in promoting anastomotic healing. Overall design: Six colonic anastomotic tissue samples were collected from rats, including three from the magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) group and three from the suture (control) group. After two weeks of healing, tissues at the anastomotic sites were excised, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 °C. Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent, and sequencing libraries were prepared with the NEBNext Ultra RNA Library Prep Kit. High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed on the DNBSEQ-T7 platform. The aim was to compare gene expression profiles between the MCA and suture groups to explore molecular mechanisms associated with enhanced anastomotic healing.

背景：结直肠吻合术是结直肠癌外科手术中的常规术式，但传统缝合技术难度较高，且易引发术后并发症。磁压榨吻合术（Magnetic Compression Anastomosis，MCA）是一种更简便、微创的替代方案，且已展现出良好的临床疗效。本研究旨在对比磁压榨吻合术与传统缝合术在大鼠结肠吻合术中的愈合效果，并探究其潜在分子机制。方法：将20只雄性斯普拉格-道利（Sprague-Dawley）大鼠（体重200~230 g）随机分为磁压榨吻合术组（MCA组）与缝合术对照组。对比两组大鼠的存活率、吻合部位的组织学特征与转录组学谱。结果：MCA组大鼠存活率为100%，显著高于对照组的70%。组织学检查显示，MCA组的组织对位更规整，黏膜表面连续性更佳。转录组学分析表明，两组间的差异表达基因显著富集于免疫炎症相关通路。蛋白质相互作用（Protein-Protein Interaction，PPI）网络分析鉴定出白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）为核心调控分子，其在MCA组中的表达水平显著升高。结论：磁压榨吻合术是一种操作简便、并发症发生率低的大鼠结肠吻合术式。转录组学分析提示，白细胞介素-1β可能在增强磁压榨吻合术促进吻合口愈合的疗效中发挥关键作用。总体实验设计：本研究共收集6份大鼠结肠吻合组织样本，其中MCA组与对照组各3份。术后愈合2周后，切除吻合部位组织，立即置于液氮中速冻，并于-80℃保存。采用TRIzol试剂提取总RNA，使用NEBNext Ultra RNA Library Prep Kit构建测序文库，随后在DNBSEQ-T7平台上开展高通量RNA测序。本研究旨在对比两组大鼠的基因表达谱，以探究与吻合口愈合增强相关的分子机制。