Data from: Range expansion of the Asian native giant resin bee Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) in France

In 2008, a new species for the French bee fauna was recorded in Allauch near Marseille: the giant resin bee, Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853). This was the first European record of this species that is native to East Asia. To our knowledge, it is the first introduced bee species in Europe. Here, we provide an overview of the current distribution of M. sculpturalis in France and we describe the history of its range expansion. Besides our own observations, information was compiled from literature and Internet websites, and by contacting naturalist networks. We collected a total of 117 records (locality × year combinations) for the 2008-2016 period. The geographical range of M. sculpturalis has extended remarkably, now occupying a third of continental France, with the most northern and western records located 335 and 520 km from Allauch respectively. Information on its phenology, feeding, and nesting behavior is also provided. We report several events of nest occupation or eviction of Osmia sp. and Xylocopa sp. individuals by M. sculpturalis. Our results show that M. sculpturalis is now well established in France. Given its capacity to adapt and rapidly expand its range, we recommend amplifying the monitoring of this species to better anticipate the changes in its geographical range and its potential impacts on native bees.

2008年，在马赛附近的阿洛（Allauch）记录到法国蜂类区系的新物种——巨型树脂蜂（Megachile sculpturalis，Smith, 1853）。该物种原产于东亚，这是其在欧洲的首次记录。据我们所知，这也是首个传入欧洲的蜂类物种。本研究概述了该物种在法国的当前分布情况，并阐述了其分布范围扩张的历史。除本团队的实地观测外，研究数据还通过文献调研、网络资料搜集以及联系自然观察者网络的方式汇总得到。本次研究共收集了2008至2016年间的117条记录（为地点-年份组合数据）。该物种的地理分布范围已显著扩张，目前已占据法国本土三分之一的区域，最北和最西的记录点分别距离阿洛335公里和520公里。本研究还提供了该物种的物候、取食及筑巢行为相关信息。我们记录到多起该物种占据或驱逐壁蜂属（Osmia sp.）及木蜂属（Xylocopa sp.）个体的巢内事件。研究结果表明，该物种现已在法国成功定殖。鉴于该物种具备适应环境并快速扩张分布范围的能力，我们建议强化对该物种的监测工作，以更好地预判其地理分布范围的变化以及对本土蜂类的潜在影响。