PISCO Kelp Forest Community Surveys

The kelp forest monitoring datasets provided here are collected as
part of the long-term monitoring program of the Partnership for
Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO). If you (the
‘Data User’) are considering use of these data, we strongly
encourage collaboration with PISCO scientists and co-authorship when
appropriate, and request that you discuss your analyses with the
dataset authors to minimize duplicative efforts. The Data User
should realize that these data are likely being actively used by
others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary
to prevent duplicate publication. Please use this form as an initial
method of contact:

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSct8vbkyM3l36GjQ0Uq6E50oeCQWlW7682DYecXnTfxpmzlUQ/viewform
).

The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any
questions about methodology or results occur. The Data User has an
ethical obligation to cite the data source appropriately in any
publication or product that results from its use and notify the
dataset authors. Please send copies of any published manuscript
based on these data to the data contact and data creator. The Data
User should be aware that data are updated periodically, and it is
the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the
data. Extensive efforts are made to ensure that online data are
accurate and up to date, but the authors and PISCO will not take
responsibility for any errors that may exist in data provided
online. Furthermore, the user assumes all responsibility for errors
in analysis or judgment resulting from use of the data. The data
authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not
be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of
the data.

In 1998, the Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal
Oceans (PISCO) designed and initiated a large scale, long-term
monitoring study of kelp forest ecosystems along portions of the
southern, central and northern coast of California and southern
Oregon, USA. The program is administered out of the University of
California campuses in Santa Cruz and Santa Barbara and funded
primarily by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. The purpose of
the study has been to characterize the regional and temporal
patterns of kelp forest ecosystem structure and evaluate the
relative contributions of biological and environmental variables in
explaining observed spatial and temporal patterns. For this purpose,
the ecological community and physical structure of kelp forest
ecosystems have been surveyed using trained SCUBA divers. The
biological structure includes the more conspicuous fishes,
invertebrates, and macroalgae. The physical structure includes
geomorphological attributes (substratum type and vertical relief).
Among other applications, these surveys have informed the design and
evaluation of the state-wide network of marine protected areas
(MPAs) established by California’s Marine Life Protection Act. Over
time, the role of the monitoring program for evaluating the
ecological responses to the establishment of the MPAs greatly
influenced both the spatial and temporal design of the monitoring
program.

本数据集提供的海带林（kelp forest）监测数据，采集自沿海海洋跨学科研究伙伴关系（Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans, PISCO）的长期监测项目。若您（即"数据使用者"）考虑使用本数据，我们强烈建议您在适宜场景下与PISCO科研人员开展合作并共同署名，并请您与数据集作者沟通分析方案，以尽可能减少重复研究工作。数据使用者应知晓，这些数据可能正被其他研究者用于进行中的研究，因此可能需要协调以避免重复发表。请通过以下表单进行初步联络：
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSct8vbkyM3l36GjQ0Uq6E50oeCQWlW7682DYecXnTfxpmzlUQ/viewform

若对数据的方法学或结果存在疑问，恳请数据使用者联系数据集作者。数据使用者负有学术伦理义务：在基于本数据生成的任何出版物或成果中，需恰当标注数据来源，并告知数据集作者。请将基于本数据集发表的稿件副本发送至数据联络人与数据创建者。数据使用者需知晓，数据集会定期更新，因此数据使用者有义务查阅数据集的最新版本。尽管已投入大量工作以确保在线数据的准确性与时效性，但数据集作者与PISCO不对在线提供的数据中可能存在的错误承担责任。此外，使用者需自行承担因使用该数据而导致的分析或判断失误的全部责任。数据作者及数据获取存储库不对因使用或误解本数据所引发的损失承担法律责任。

1998年，沿海海洋跨学科研究伙伴关系（PISCO）设计并启动了一项大规模长期监测研究，针对美国加利福尼亚州南部、中部、北部沿海以及俄勒冈州南部部分区域的海带林生态系统展开监测。该项目由加州大学圣克鲁兹分校与圣巴巴拉分校负责运营，主要资助方为大卫与露西尔·帕卡德基金会。本研究旨在刻画海带林生态系统结构的区域与时间分布模式，并评估生物与环境变量在解释已观测到的空间及时间分布模式中的相对贡献程度。为此，研究团队通过经过培训的水肺潜水员对海带林生态系统的生物群落与物理结构开展调查。其中生物结构涵盖较为显眼的鱼类、无脊椎动物与大型藻类；物理结构则包含地貌属性（底质类型与垂直起伏度）。除其他应用场景外，这些调查工作还为加州《海洋生物保护法》所设立的全州海洋保护区（marine protected areas, MPAs）网络的设计与评估提供了依据。随着时间推移，该监测项目在评估海洋保护区设立后的生态响应方面的作用，极大地影响了监测项目的空间与时间设计方案。