Repository of raw qPCR data to assess Sin Nombre hantavirus presence in lung tissues and replication in vitro

Background: Orthohantaviruses are negative-sense RNA viruses that can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in humans. In the United States, Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) is the primary cause of HCPS, with a fatality rate of 36% and most cases occuring in the southwestern states. The western deer mouse, Peromyscus sonoriensis, is the primary reservoir for SNV; however, it remains unclear if alternative reservoirs exist.

Results: We conducted an extensive survey of SNV genetic prevalence in wild-caught small mammal communities throughout New Mexico and observed that 27% of all animals were positive for SNV. Through longitudinal trapping at a site of patient exposure, we found that SNV circulates at a high rate in multiple species over time. Furthermore, we isolated live SNV from tissues and feces from multiple small mammal species, demonstrating infectious virus in alternative and novel reservoirs.

Significance: Altogether, this work shows that SNV is widely prevalent and persistent throughout New Mexico in multiple small mammal reservoirs that can harbor and shed infectious virus. This encourages future work for additional surviellance efforts and revaluates host-species dynamics for New World hantaviruses.

背景：正汉坦病毒（Orthohantaviruses）为负义RNA病毒，可引发人类汉坦病毒心肺综合征（hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, HCPS）。在美国，辛诺柏正汉坦病毒（Sin Nombre orthohantavirus, SNV）是HCPS的主要致病病原体，致死率达36%，多数病例分布于美国西南部各州。西部鹿鼠（Peromyscus sonoriensis）是SNV的主要储存宿主，但目前仍未明确是否存在其他替代储存宿主。结果：我们针对新墨西哥州全境的野生捕获小型哺乳动物群落开展了大规模SNV基因流行率调查，结果显示27%的受试动物SNV检测呈阳性。通过在患者暴露地点进行的纵向诱捕监测，我们发现随着时间推移，SNV在多个物种中以高传播率循环传播。此外，我们从多种小型哺乳动物的组织与粪便样本中分离出活SNV，证实了替代及新型储存宿主体内存在传染性病毒。意义：综上，本研究证实SNV在新墨西哥州境内广泛流行且持续存在，可在多种小型哺乳动物储存宿主体内定植并排出传染性病毒。该研究为后续开展针对性监测工作提供了依据，并推动重新评估新世界汉坦病毒（New World hantaviruses）的宿主物种动态。