Quarterly Labour Force Survey Household Dataset, July - September, 2017

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p><strong>Background</strong><br>The&nbsp;<em>Labour Force Survey</em> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973-1983. Between 1984 and 1991 the survey was carried out annually and consisted of a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter (data were then collected seasonally). From 1992 quarterly data were made available, with a quarterly sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. The survey then became known as the <em>Quarterly Labour Force Survey</em> (QLFS). From December 1994, data gathering for Northern Ireland moved to a full quarterly cycle to match the rest of the country, so the QLFS then covered the whole of the UK (though some additional annual Northern Ireland LFS datasets are also held at the UK Data Archive). Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation.<br><br><strong>Household datasets</strong><br>Up to 2015, the LFS household datasets were produced twice a year (April-June and October-December) from the corresponding quarter's individual-level data. From January 2015 onwards, they are now produced each quarter alongside the main QLFS. The household datasets include all the usual variables found in the individual-level datasets, with the exception of those relating to income, and are intended to facilitate the analysis of the economic activity patterns of whole households. It is recommended that the existing individual-level LFS datasets continue to be used for any analysis at individual level, and that the LFS household datasets be used for analysis involving household or family-level data. From January 2011, a pseudonymised household identifier variable (HSERIALP) is also included in the main quarterly LFS dataset instead.<br><br><strong>Change to coding of missing values for household series</strong><br>From 1996-2013, all missing values in the household datasets were set to one '-10' category instead of the separate '-8' and '-9' categories. For that period, the ONS introduced a new imputation process for the LFS household datasets and it was necessary to code the missing values into one new combined category ('-10'), to avoid over-complication. This was also in line with the Annual Population Survey household series of the time. The change was applied to the back series during 2010 to ensure continuity for analytical purposes. From 2013 onwards, the -8 and -9 categories have been reinstated.<br><br><strong>LFS Documentation</strong><br>The documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned. However, LFS volumes are updated periodically by ONS, so users are advised to check the ONS <a title="Labour Force Survey User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">LFS User Guidance</a> page before commencing analysis.<br><br><strong>Additional data derived from the QLFS</strong><br>The Archive also holds further QLFS series: End User Licence (EUL) quarterly datasets; Secure Access datasets (see below); two-quarter and five-quarter longitudinal datasets; quarterly, annual and ad hoc module datasets compiled for Eurostat; and some additional annual Northern Ireland datasets.<br><br><strong>End User Licence and Secure Access QLFS Household datasets</strong><br>Users should note that there are two discrete versions of the QLFS household datasets. One is available under the standard End User Licence (EUL) agreement, and the other is a Secure Access version. Secure Access household datasets for the QLFS are available from 2009 onwards, and include additional, detailed variables not included in the standard EUL versions. Extra variables that typically can be found in the Secure Access versions but not in the EUL versions relate to: geography; date of birth, including day; education and training; household and family characteristics; employment; unemployment and job hunting; accidents at work and work-related health problems; nationality, national identity and country of birth; occurrence of learning difficulty or disability; and benefits. For full details of variables included, see data dictionary documentation. The Secure Access version (see SN 7674) has more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users will need to gain ONS Accredited Researcher status, complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables. Users are strongly advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements.<br><br><strong>Changes to variables in QLFS Household EUL datasets</strong><br>In order to further protect respondent confidentiality, ONS have made some changes to variables available in the EUL datasets. From July-September 2015 onwards, 4-digit industry class is available for main job only, meaning that 3-digit industry group is the most detailed level available for second and last job.<br><br><strong>Review of imputation methods for LFS Household data - changes to missing values</strong><br>A review of the imputation methods used in LFS Household and Family analysis resulted in a change from the January-March 2015 quarter onwards. It was no longer considered appropriate to impute any personal characteristic variables (e.g. religion, ethnicity, country of birth, nationality, national identity, etc.) using the LFS donor imputation method. This method is primarily focused to ensure the 'economic status' of all individuals within a household is known, allowing analysis of the combined economic status of households. This means that from 2015 larger amounts of missing values ('-8'/-9') will be present in the data for these personal characteristic variables than before. Therefore if users need to carry out any time series analysis of households/families which also includes personal characteristic variables covering this time period, then it is advised to filter off 'ioutcome=3' cases from all periods to remove this inconsistent treatment of non-responders.</p><p>
</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files</span><br></p><p>The ONS has identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. Further information can be found in the ONS article published on 11 July 2023:&nbsp;<a title="Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022</a>.</p><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR>The LFS household datasets cover:<ul><li>characteristics of the household: number of people of working age; number of people over working age; number of children aged 0 to 4; number of children aged 5 to 15; number of dependent children (i.e. those in full-time education) aged 16 to 18</li><li>economic activity in the household: number of people in employment; number of people in full-time employment; number of people in part-time employment; unemployed; economically inactive; students; sick or disabled; economically inactive but would like to work and are not seeking work because they do not believe there is work available ('discouraged workers'); care of dependants</li></ul>

<P>摘要版权归英国数据服务（UK Data Service）及数据收集版权所有者所有。</P><p><strong>背景</strong><br>劳动力调查（Labour Force Survey，LFS）是一项独特的信息来源，采用就业、失业及经济不活跃的国际定义，涵盖职业、培训、工作时长及16岁及以上家庭成员个人特征等广泛相关主题，为社会、经济及就业政策制定提供依据。LFS于1973-1983年首次每两年开展一次；1984至1991年间改为年度调查，包含全年季度调查及春季季度补充调查（彼时数据为季节性收集）；1992年起开始提供季度数据，季度样本量与此前年度数据大致相当，此后该调查更名为季度劳动力调查（Quarterly Labour Force Survey，QLFS）。1994年12月起，北爱尔兰的数据收集转为完整季度周期以匹配英国其他地区，至此QLFS覆盖全英国（不过英国数据档案馆仍存有部分北爱尔兰年度LFS数据集）。关于QLFS背景的更多信息可参见文档。<br><br><strong>家庭数据集</strong><br>截至2015年，LFS家庭数据集每年生成两次（4-6月及10-12月），源自对应季度的个人层面数据；2015年1月起，改为每季度与主QLFS同步生成。家庭数据集包含个人层面数据集中的所有常规变量（收入相关变量除外），旨在便利对整个家庭经济活动模式的分析。建议个人层面分析仍使用现有LFS个人数据集，家庭或家庭层面分析则使用LFS家庭数据集。2011年1月起，主季度LFS数据集新增伪匿名家庭识别变量（HSERIALP）。<br><br><strong>家庭系列缺失值编码变更</strong><br>1996-2013年间，家庭数据集中所有缺失值统一编码为'-10'类别，而非单独的'-8'和'-9'类别。在此期间，英国国家统计局（ONS）为LFS家庭数据集引入新的插补流程，为避免复杂化，需将缺失值编码为一个新的合并类别（'-10'），这也与当时年度人口调查（Annual Population Survey）的家庭系列一致。2010年该变更应用于历史系列数据，以确保分析的连续性；2013年起，'-8'和'-9'类别恢复使用。<br><br><strong>LFS文档</strong><br>档案馆提供的LFS数据集配套文档主要包含各卷最新版本及对应年份的问卷。不过，ONS会定期更新LFS各卷，因此建议用户在开始分析前查阅ONS的<a title="Labour Force Survey User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">劳动力调查用户指南（LFS User Guidance）</a>页面。<br><br><strong>源自QLFS的附加数据</strong><br>档案馆还存有更多QLFS系列数据：终端用户许可（End User Licence，EUL）季度数据集、安全访问数据集（见下文）、两季度及五季度纵向数据集、为欧盟统计局（Eurostat）编制的季度、年度及专项模块数据集，以及部分北爱尔兰年度附加数据集。<br><br><strong>终端用户许可及安全访问QLFS家庭数据集</strong><br>用户需注意QLFS家庭数据集有两个独立版本：一个基于标准终端用户许可（EUL）协议提供，另一个为安全访问版本。QLFS安全访问家庭数据集自2009年起可用，包含标准EUL版本未有的额外详细变量，这些变量通常涉及地理、出生日期（含日）、教育与培训、家庭及家族特征、就业、失业与求职、工作事故与职业健康问题、国籍、民族认同与出生地、学习困难或残疾情况及福利等。变量详情见数据字典文档。安全访问版本（见SN 7674）的访问条件比标准EUL版本更严格，潜在用户需获得ONS认证研究员身份、填写额外申请表，并向数据所有者说明需要访问附加变量的具体原因。强烈建议用户先获取标准EUL版本数据，确认是否满足研究需求。<br><br><strong>QLFS家庭EUL数据集变量变更</strong><br>为进一步保护受访者隐私，ONS对EUL数据集中的可用变量进行了调整。2015年7-9月起，仅主职提供4位行业分类，即副职和上一份工作的最详细行业分类为3位行业组。<br><br><strong>LFS家庭与家庭分析插补方法回顾——缺失值变更</strong><br>对LFS家庭与家庭分析所用插补方法的回顾导致2015年1-3月季度起发生变更：不再适合使用LFS供体插补法（donor imputation method）插补任何个人特征变量（如宗教、ethnicity、出生地、国籍、民族认同等）。该方法主要用于确保家庭内所有个体的“经济状态”已知，以便分析家庭综合经济状态。这意味着2015年起，这些个人特征变量的数据中缺失值（'-8'/-9'）会比以往更多。因此，若用户需对包含此时间段个人特征变量的家庭/家族进行时间序列分析，建议从所有时期中过滤掉“ioutcome=3”的案例，以消除对无应答者的不一致处理。</p><p></p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2021及2022年数据文件中的职业数据</span><br></p><p>英国国家统计局（ONS）发现其多项调查中2021及2022年数据文件的部分职业数据收集存在问题。尽管整体影响估计较小，但会影响部分详细（四位标准职业分类，Standard Occupational Classification，SOC）职业及其衍生数据的细分准确性。更多信息见ONS 2023年7月11日发布的文章：&nbsp;<a title="Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">英国ONS劳动力调查中错误编码职业数据的修订：2021年1月至2022年9月</a>。</p><br><B>主要主题</B>:<BR>LFS家庭数据集涵盖:<ul><li>家庭特征：劳动年龄人口数、超劳动年龄人口数、0-4岁儿童数、5-15岁儿童数、16-18岁受抚养儿童数（即全日制教育儿童）</li><li>家庭经济活动：就业人数、全职就业人数、兼职就业人数、失业人数、经济不活跃人数、学生人数、患病或残疾人数、经济不活跃但希望工作却因认为无工作可寻而未求职的人数（“灰心工人”）、受抚养人照料人数</li></ul>