Quarterly Labour Force Survey, July - September, 1998

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p><strong>Background</strong><br>The <em>Labour Force Survey</em> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The Annual Population Survey, also held at the UK Data Archive, is derived from the LFS.</p><p>The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973-1983, then annually between 1984 and 1991, comprising a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter. From 1992 it moved to a quarterly cycle with a sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. Northern Ireland was also included in the survey from December 1994. Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation.</p><p>The UK Data Service also holds a Secure Access version of the QLFS (see below); household datasets; two-quarter and five-quarter longitudinal datasets; LFS datasets compiled for Eurostat; and some additional annual Northern Ireland datasets.<br><br><strong>LFS Documentation</strong><br>The documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each user guide volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned (the latest questionnaire available covers July-September 2022). Volumes are updated periodically, so users are advised to check the latest documents on the ONS <a title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">Labour Force Survey - User Guidance</a> pages before commencing analysis. <strong>This is especially important for users of older QLFS studies, where information and guidance in the user guide documents may have changed over time.</strong></p><p><strong>LFS response to COVID-19</strong></p><p>From April 2020 to May 2022, additional non-calendar quarter LFS microdata were made available to cover the pandemic period. The first additional microdata to be released covered February to April 2020 and the final non-calendar dataset covered March-May 2022. Publication then returned to calendar quarters only. Within the additional non-calendar COVID-19 quarters, pseudonymised variables Casenop and Hserialp may contain a significant number of missing cases (set as -9). These variables may not be available in full for the additional COVID-19 datasets until the next standard calendar quarter is produced. The income weight variable, PIWT, is not available in the non-calendar quarters, although the person weight (PWT) is included. Please consult the documentation for full details.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files</span></p><p>The ONS has identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. Further information can be found in the ONS article published on 11 July 2023: <a title="Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022">Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022</a>.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2024 Reweighting</span></p><p></p><p>In February 2024, reweighted person-level data from July-September 2022 onwards were released. Up to July-September 2023, only the person weight was updated (PWT23); the income weight remains at 2022 (PIWT22). The 2023 income weight (PIWT23) was included from the October-December 2023 quarter. Users are encouraged to read the ONS methodological note of 5 February, <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/impactofreweightingonlabourforcesurveykeyindicators/2024">Impact of reweighting on Labour Force Survey key indicators: 2024</a>, which includes important information on the 2024 reweighting exercise.</p><p><strong>End User Licence and Secure Access QLFS data</strong></p><p>Two versions of the QLFS are available from UKDS. One is available under the standard End User Licence (EUL) agreement, and the other is a Secure Access version. The EUL version includes country and Government Office Region geography, 3-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and 3-digit industry group for main, second and last job (from July-September 2015, 4-digit industry class is available for main job only).<br><br>The Secure Access version contains more detailed variables relating to:</p><ul><li>age: single year of age, year and month of birth, age completed full-time education and age obtained highest qualification, age of oldest dependent child and age of youngest dependent child</li><li>family unit and household: including a number of variables concerning the number of dependent children in the family according to their ages, relationship to head of household and relationship to head of family</li><li>nationality and country of origin</li><li>finer detail geography: including county, unitary/local authority, place of work, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2 (NUTS2) and NUTS3 regions, and whether lives and works in same local authority district, and other categories;</li><li>health: including main health problem, and current and past health problems</li><li>education and apprenticeship: including numbers and subjects of various qualifications and variables concerning apprenticeships</li><li>industry: including industry, industry class and industry group for main, second and last job, and industry made redundant from</li><li>occupation: including 5-digit industry subclass and 4-digit SOC for main, second and last job and job made redundant from</li><li>system variables: including week number when interview took place and number of households at address</li><li>other additional detailed variables may also be included.</li></ul><p></p><p>The Secure Access datasets (SNs 6727 and 7674) have more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users will need to gain ONS Accredited Researcher status, complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables. Users are strongly advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements.</p><p></p><ul></ul><br>This study was deposited in 2008, as a result of the move from seasonal to calendar quarters for the QLFS, and the reweighting process to 2007-2008 population figures. It combines data from previously-available QLFS seasonal quarter datasets. The depositor has advised that small revisions to the data may have been made during this process, but they should not be significant.<br>
<br><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><div>The QLFS questionnaire comprises a 'core' of questions which are included in every survey, together with some 'non-core' questions which vary from quarter to quarter.</div><div><br></div><div>The questionnaire can be split into two main parts. The first part contains questions on the respondent's household, family structure, basic housing information and demographic details of household members. The second part contains questions covering economic activity, education and health, and also may include a few questions asked on behalf of other government departments (for example the Department for Work and Pensions and the Home Office). Until 1997, the questions on health covered mainly problems which affected the respondent's work. From that quarter onwards, the questions cover all health problems. Detailed questions on income have also been included in each quarter since 1993. The basic questionnaire is revised each year, and a new version published, along with a transitional version that details changes from the previous year's questionnaire.</div>

<P>摘要版权归英国数据服务（UK Data Service）及数据收集版权所有者所有。</P><p><strong>背景</strong><br>劳动力调查（Labour Force Survey，LFS）是一项独特的信息来源，采用就业、失业及经济不活跃的国际定义，涵盖职业、培训、工作时长及16岁及以上家庭成员的个人特征等广泛相关主题。该调查为社会、经济及就业政策制定提供依据。同样由英国数据档案馆保存的年度人口调查源自LFS。</p><p>LFS最初于1973-1983年每两年开展一次，1984至1991年改为年度调查，包含全年季度调查及春季季度的“补充”调查。1992年起转为季度周期，样本量与此前年度数据大致相当。北爱尔兰自1994年12月起纳入调查范围。关于季度劳动力调查（QLFS）背景的更多信息可查阅相关文档。</p><p>英国数据服务还提供QLFS的安全访问版本（详见下文）、家庭数据集、两季度及五季度纵向数据集、为欧盟统计局编制的LFS数据集，以及部分额外的北爱尔兰年度数据集。<br><br><strong>LFS文档</strong><br>档案馆提供的LFS数据集配套文档主要包含各用户指南卷册的最新版本及对应年份的问卷（最新问卷覆盖2022年7-9月）。卷册会定期更新，因此建议用户在开始分析前查阅英国国家统计局（ONS）<a title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">劳动力调查用户指南</a>页面的最新文档。<strong>这对旧版QLFS研究用户尤为重要，因其用户指南文档中的信息和指导可能随时间变化。</strong></p><p><strong>LFS对COVID-19的响应</strong></p><p>2020年4月至2022年5月期间，额外的非日历季度LFS微观数据被发布以覆盖疫情时期。首批额外微观数据覆盖2020年2-4月，最后一批非日历数据集覆盖2022年3-5月。此后发布回归仅日历季度数据。在额外的非日历COVID-19季度中，假名化变量Casenop和Hserialp可能包含大量缺失案例（设为-9）。这些变量在额外COVID-19数据集的完整版本可能需待下一个标准日历季度生成后才可获取。收入权重变量PIWT在非日历季度不可用，但包含个人权重（PWT）。详情请查阅文档。</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2021及2022年数据文件中的职业数据</span></p><p>ONS已发现其多项调查中2021及2022年数据文件的部分职业数据收集存在问题。尽管整体影响估计较小，但这将影响部分详细（四位数字标准职业分类（Standard Occupational Classification，SOC））职业及其衍生数据的细分准确性。更多信息可查阅ONS于2023年7月11日发布的文章：<a title="Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/revisionofmiscodedoccupationaldataintheonslabourforcesurveyuk/january2021toseptember2022">英国ONS劳动力调查中误编码职业数据的修订：2021年1月至2022年9月</a>。</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2024年重新加权</span></p><p></p><p>2024年2月，发布了2022年7-9月及以后的重新加权个人层面数据。截至2023年7-9月，仅更新了个人权重（PWT23）；收入权重仍为2022年版本（PIWT22）。2023年收入权重（PIWT23）自2023年10-12月季度起纳入。建议用户阅读ONS于2月5日发布的方法说明：<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/impactofreweightingonlabourforcesurveykeyindicators/2024">重新加权对劳动力调查关键指标的影响：2024</a>，其中包含2024年重新加权工作的重要信息。</p><p><strong>终端用户许可及安全访问QLFS数据</strong></p><p>英国数据服务提供两种QLFS版本：一种基于标准终端用户许可（End User Licence，EUL）协议，另一种为安全访问版本。EUL版本包含国家及政府办公区域地理信息、三位数字SOC及主要、次要和最后一份工作的三位数字行业组（2015年7-9月起，仅主要工作提供四位数字行业类别）。<br><br>安全访问版本包含更详细的变量，涉及：</p><ul><li>年龄：单岁年龄、出生年月、完成全日制教育年龄及获得最高学历年龄、最年长受抚养子女年龄及最年幼受抚养子女年龄</li><li>家庭单元及住户：包括与家庭中受抚养子女数量相关的多项变量（按年龄、与户主关系及与家庭户主关系分类）</li><li>国籍及原籍国</li><li>更精细的地理信息：包括郡、单一制/地方当局、工作地点、欧盟统计领土单位命名法2（Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2，NUTS2）及NUTS3区域、是否居住与工作在同一地方当局辖区及其他类别；</li><li>健康：包括主要健康问题、当前及过往健康问题</li><li>教育及学徒制：包括各类资格证书的数量及科目、与学徒制相关的变量</li><li>行业：包括主要、次要和最后一份工作的行业、行业类别及行业组，以及被裁员前的行业</li><li>职业：包括主要、次要和最后一份工作及被裁员前工作的五位数字行业子类和四位数字SOC</li><li>系统变量：包括访谈所在周数及地址处的住户数量</li><li>可能还包含其他额外详细变量。</li></ul><p></p><p>安全访问数据集（SNs 6727及7674）的访问条件比标准EUL版本更严格。潜在用户需获得ONS认证研究员身份、完成额外申请表，并向数据所有者明确说明需访问额外变量的原因。强烈建议用户先获取标准EUL版本数据，确认其是否满足研究需求。</p><p></p><ul></ul><br>本研究于2008年存档，因QLFS从季节性季度转为日历季度，并重新加权至2007-2008年人口数据。它整合了此前可用的QLFS季节性季度数据集。存档者表示，此过程中可能对数据进行了小幅修订，但影响不显著。<br><br><br><B>主要主题</B>:<BR><div>QLFS问卷包含每次调查均纳入的“核心”问题，以及随季度变化的“非核心”问题。</div><div><br></div><div>问卷可分为两大部分：第一部分包含受访者家庭、家庭结构、基本住房信息及家庭成员人口统计细节的问题；第二部分涵盖经济活动、教育及健康相关问题，还可能包含代表其他政府部门（如工作和养老金部及内政部）提出的少量问题。1997年前，健康问题主要涉及影响受访者工作的问题；自该季度起，健康问题覆盖所有健康问题。1993年起，每季度问卷均包含详细收入问题。基础问卷每年修订并发布新版本，同时发布过渡版本以说明与上一年问卷的变化。</div>