General Household Survey, 1994-1995

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <i>General Household Survey</i> (GHS), ran from 1971-2011 (the UKDS holds data from 1972-2011). It was a continuous annual national survey of people living in private households, conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The main aim of the survey was to collect data on a range of core topics, covering household, family and individual information. This information was used by government departments and other organisations for planning, policy and monitoring purposes, and to present a picture of households, families and people in Great Britain. In 2008, the GHS became a module of the <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000024">Integrated Household Survey</a> (IHS). In recognition, the survey was renamed the <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=200019">General Lifestyle Survey</a> (GLF). The GLF closed in January 2012. The 2011 GLF is therefore the last in the series. A limited number of questions previously run on the GLF were subsequently included in the <a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=2000043" title="Opinions and Lifestyle Survey">Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</a> (OPN). <br>
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<i>Secure Access GHS/GLF</i><br>
The UKDS holds standard access End User Licence (EUL) data for 1972-2006. A Secure Access version is available, covering the years 2000-2011 - see SN 6716 <i>General Lifestyle Survey, 2000-2011: Secure Access</i>.<br>
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<i>History</i><br>
The GHS was conducted annually until 2011, except for breaks in 1997-1998 when the survey was reviewed, and 1999-2000 when the survey was redeveloped.&nbsp; Further information may be found in the ONS document <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/compendium/generallifestylesurvey/2013-03-07/40yearsofdatacollection/pdf">An overview of 40 years of data (General Lifestyle Survey Overview - a report on the&nbsp;2011 General Lifestyle Survey)</a>&nbsp;(PDF). Details of changes each year may be found in the individual study documentation.<br>
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<i>EU-SILC</i><br>
In 2005, the European Union (EU) made a legal obligation (EU-SILC) for member states to collect additional statistics on income and living conditions. In addition, the EU-SILC data cover poverty and social exclusion. These statistics are used to help plan and monitor European social policy by comparing poverty indicators and changes over time across the EU. The EU-SILC requirement was integrated into the GHS/GLF in 2005. After the closure of the GLF, EU-SILC was collected via the <a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200017" title="Family Resources Survey">Family Resources Survey</a> (FRS) until the UK left the EU in 2020.</p><p><i>Reformatted GHS data 1973-1982 - Surrey SPSS Files</i><br>
SPSS files were created by the University of Surrey for all GHS years from 1973 to 1982 inclusive. The early files were restructured and the case changed from the household to the individual with all of the household information duplicated for each individual. The Surrey SPSS files contain all the original variables as well as some extra derived variables (a few variables were omitted from the data files for 1973-76). In 1973 only, the section on leisure was not included in the Surrey SPSS files. This has subsequently been made available, however, and is now held in a separate study, <i>General Household Survey, 1973: Leisure Questions</i> (SN 3982). Records for the original GHS 1973-1982 ASCII files have been removed from the UK Data Archive catalogue, but the data are still preserved and available upon request.&nbsp;</p><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><p>The main GHS consisted of a household questionnaire, completed by the Household Reference Person (HRP), and an individual questionnaire, completed by all adults aged 16 and over resident in the household. A number of different trailers each year covering extra topics were included in later (post-review) surveys in the series from 2000.</p><ul><li>The household questionnaire covered the following topics: household information, accommodation type, housing tenure/costs, and consumer durables including vehicle ownership.</li><li>The individual questionnaire included data from the household dataset, and additional sections on migration/citizenship/national identity/ethnicity, employment, pensions, education, health, child care, smoking, drinking, family information, financial situation, and income.<br></li></ul>

本摘要版权归英国数据服务处（UK Data Service）及数据集采集版权方所有。

《家庭综合调查（General Household Survey, GHS）》于1971年至2011年间开展（英国数据服务处持有1972年至2011年的数据集）。该调查是由英国国家统计局（Office for National Statistics, ONS）实施的持续性年度全国性调查，调查对象为英国私人住户中的居民。其核心目标是收集涵盖家庭、家庭成员及个人信息的多维度核心议题数据，供政府部门及其他机构用于规划、政策制定与监测工作，并呈现大不列颠地区住户、家庭与居民的整体状况。2008年起，GHS成为<a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000024">综合住户调查（Integrated Household Survey, IHS）</a>的组成模块，因此更名为《通用生活方式调查（General Lifestyle Survey, GLF）》。该调查于2012年1月正式终止，2011年的GLF为该系列的最后一期。此前部分在GLF中使用的题目后续被纳入<a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=2000043" title="Opinions and Lifestyle Survey">观点与生活方式调查（Opinions and Lifestyle Survey, OPN）</a>。

**受限访问GHS/GLF数据集**
英国数据服务处持有1972年至2006年的标准访问版终端用户许可（End User Licence, EUL）数据。另有2000年至2011年的受限访问版本，详见编号SN 6716的《2000-2011年通用生活方式调查：受限访问数据集》。

**历史沿革**
GHS每年开展一次，直至2011年，期间曾两次中断：1997年至1998年因调查评审暂停，1999年至2000年因调查重构暂停。更多详细信息可参阅英国国家统计局发布的<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/compendium/generallifestylesurvey/2013-03-07/40yearsofdatacollection/pdf">《40年数据采集概览（2011年通用生活方式调查综述报告）》</a>（PDF格式）。各年度的调查调整细节可查阅对应研究的文档说明。

**欧盟收入与生活条件统计（EU-SILC）**
2005年，欧盟（EU）出台法规要求成员国额外收集收入与生活状况相关统计数据，欧盟收入与生活条件统计（EU-SILC）涵盖贫困与社会排斥议题，该统计数据用于通过比对欧盟各国的贫困指标及跨时间变化情况，辅助规划与监测欧盟社会政策。2005年起，EU-SILC的采集要求被纳入GHS/GLF调查。GLF终止后，欧盟收入与生活条件统计数据通过<a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200017" title="Family Resources Survey">家庭资源调查（Family Resources Survey, FRS）</a>采集，直至英国2020年脱欧。

**1973-1982年重构版GHS数据——萨里大学SPSS文件**
萨里大学为1973年至1982年（含首尾两年）的所有GHS调查创建了SPSS格式文件。早期文件已完成重构，将调查单元从住户调整为个人，所有住户信息会在对应住户内的每个个人数据中重复呈现。萨里大学SPSS文件包含所有原始变量及部分额外衍生变量（1973年至1976年的部分数据文件省略了少量变量）。仅1973年的调查中，休闲议题模块未被纳入萨里大学SPSS文件，该模块后续已单独发布，现收录于编号SN 3982的研究《1973年家庭综合调查：休闲议题》中。原1973年至1982年GHS的ASCII格式文件记录已从英国数据档案馆目录中移除，但数据仍被妥善保存，可通过申请获取。

**核心议题**
原版GHS包含两份问卷：由住户代表（Household Reference Person, HRP）填写的住户问卷，以及由住户内所有16岁及以上常住居民填写的个人问卷。2000年起的后续（评审后）系列调查中，每年都会增设覆盖额外议题的若干附加模块。
- 住户问卷涵盖以下议题：住户基本信息、住宿类型、住房保有形式/成本及耐用消费品（含车辆保有情况）。
- 个人问卷除包含住户数据集的相关数据外，还涵盖移民/公民身份/国民身份/族裔、就业、养老金、教育、健康、儿童照料、吸烟饮酒习惯、家庭信息、财务状况及收入等额外模块。