Chemical analysis and physical properties of weathered, unweathered, and surrogate crude oils from the Deepwater Horizon accident in the Gulf of Mexico, July 2010 to November 2011

Gulf of Mexico (GOM) researchers have been interested in the physical properties and chemical characterization of the Mississippi Canyon lease block 252 (MC-252) oil and have requested aliquots of this oil from BP in order to determine these characteristics. Since quantities of this oil are limited, BP has prepared this report to provide researchers with a detailed description of the oil’s physical and chemical characteristics so that they do not have to replicate experimental analyses that have already been conducted on the various MC-252 reference oils. Data included with this report relate to unweathered MC-252 oil collected from the Oil Barge Massachusetts (Massachusetts) on August 15, 2010; two distinct weathered oils collected by skimmers from the GOM in July 2010 as part of the Response to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) accident; and a surrogate oil collected from the GOM Dorado Field, Marlin Platform, which has characteristics similar to MC-252 oil. In addition, data for MC-252 oil collected on June 19, 2010, from the Q4000 Well Intervention vessel is also available as a separate data set (Reference No. O-01v01). This dataset includes data associated with the following oils: - Unweathered oil—MC-252 oil collected from the barge Massachusetts on August 15, 2010 - Weathered oils skimmed from the GOM as part of the Response to the DWH accident - Oil collected from the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Juniper (Juniper) on July 19, 2010 - Oil collected from Barge No. CTC02404 on July 29, 2010 - Surrogate oil—Oil collected from the Dorado Field, Marlin Platform in November 2011, which has properties similar to MC-252 oil. The chemical and physical parameters provided in this data posting include:  Parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)  Saturated hydrocarbons (SHCs)  Total extractable matter (TEM) and diesel range organics (DRO)  Benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and other volatile hydrocarbons classified as paraffins, isoparaffins, aromatics, naphthenes, and olefins (PIANO)  Geochemical biomarkers (steranes and triterpanes)  Dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (DPnB, a dispersant component)  Metals  Carbon stable isotopes for whole oil and saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene fractions  Additional crude oil chemistry parameters and analytes  Saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene of the C15+ fraction  Selected physical properties  Simulated distillation of crude oil. Three subsamples of each of the four reference oils were analyzed for this report. Laboratory triplicates were also performed on one of the subsamples for each reference oil for all of the organic chemistry analytes and for many of the physical property parameters (where sample volumes were sufficient). For the metals analyses, a laboratory duplicate was performed on one of the Massachusetts subsamples. When applicable, samples were analyzed according to the Gulf Coast Incident Management Team Quality Assurance Project Plan (GCIMT 2011). The data files also include an Excel file that contains average values for the chemical and physical data for each of the reference oil samples, along with general information and GC-FID chromatograms.

墨西哥湾（Gulf of Mexico，简称GOM）的研究人员一直关注密西西比峡谷租赁区块252（Mississippi Canyon Lease Block 252，缩写MC-252）产出原油的物理性质与化学特征，并向英国石油公司（BP）申请获取该原油的等分试样以开展相关表征工作。由于该原油的存量有限，BP特此编制本报告，向研究人员详细介绍该原油的物理与化学特性，以免他们重复开展已针对各类MC-252参照原油完成的实验分析。

本报告附带的数据涉及三类原油：2010年8月15日从"马萨诸塞"号油驳（Oil Barge Massachusetts）采集的未风化MC-252原油；2010年7月作为"深水地平线"（Deepwater Horizon，缩写DWH）事故应急响应的一部分，由撇油器在GOM海域采集的两种不同风化程度的原油；以及从GOM海域多拉多油田（Dorado Field）马林平台（Marlin Platform）采集的、性质与MC-252原油相近的替代原油。此外，2010年6月19日从Q4000井干预船采集的MC-252原油数据可作为独立数据集获取（编号：O-01v01）。

本数据集涵盖以下原油相关数据：
- 未风化原油：2010年8月15日从"马萨诸塞"号油驳采集的MC-252原油
- 作为DWH事故应急响应一部分、从GOM海域撇取的风化原油
- 2010年7月19日从美国海岸警卫队"杜松"号快艇（U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Juniper）采集的原油
- 2010年7月29日从CTC02404号油驳采集的原油
- 替代原油：2011年11月从多拉多油田马林平台采集的、性质与MC-252原油相近的原油

本数据发布中提供的化学与物理参数包括：
• 母体及烷基化多环芳烃（Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，缩写PAHs）
• 饱和烃（Saturated Hydrocarbons，缩写SHCs）
• 总可萃取物（Total Extractable Matter，缩写TEM）与柴油范围有机物（Diesel Range Organics，缩写DRO）
• 苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯（BTEX）及其他归类为石蜡、异石蜡、芳烃、环烷烃与烯烃（Paraffins, Isoparaffins, Aromatics, Naphthenes, and Olefins，缩写PIANO）的挥发性烃类
• 地球化学生物标志物（甾烷与三萜烷）
• 二丙二醇丁醚（Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether，缩写DPnB，一种分散剂组分）
• 金属元素
• 全原油及饱和烃、芳烃、树脂、沥青质组分的碳稳定同位素
• 其他原油化学参数与分析物
• C15+馏分的饱和烃、芳烃、树脂与沥青质组成
• 选定的物理性质参数
• 原油模拟蒸馏

本报告针对四种参照原油各取三份子样本开展分析。针对所有有机化学分析物及多数物理性质参数（在样本体积允许的前提下），还对每种参照原油的其中一份子样本进行了实验室三次重复实验。针对金属元素分析，仅对"马萨诸塞"号子样本中的一份开展了实验室平行双样分析。如适用，样本分析均遵循《墨西哥湾事件管理团队质量保证项目计划》（Gulf Coast Incident Management Team Quality Assurance Project Plan，GCIMT 2011）执行。

数据文件还包含一份Excel表格，汇总了各参照原油样本的化学与物理数据平均值，同时附带基础信息与气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器（Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector，缩写GC-FID）色谱图。