Proteomic dataset of MECP2-deficient and wild-type human brain organoids under spaceflight and ground conditions

This dataset presents deep proteomic profiles of human brain organoids cultured aboard the International Space Station (ISS) and on Earth. We analyzed MECP2-deficient (Q83X) and isogenic wild-type control (WT83) organoids exposed to spaceflight and ground conditions for 30 days. Using LC-MS/MS on an Orbitrap Astral mass spectrometer, we confidently identified 56,639 peptides mapping to approximately 6,000 protein groups. The Q83X line models Rett syndrome, carrying a nonsense mutation that produces a severely truncated MeCP2 protein lacking critical functional domains. This unique dataset enables investigation of how spaceflight environment and MECP2 deficiency interact to affect human neural development, offering applications for understanding astronaut health risks and neurodevelopmental disorder mechanisms.

本数据集呈现了在国际空间站（International Space Station, ISS）及地球环境中培养的人类脑类器官的深度蛋白质组学图谱。本研究对暴露于太空飞行与地面环境30天的MECP2缺陷型（Q83X）及同基因野生型对照（WT83）脑类器官开展分析。使用轨道阱Astral质谱仪进行液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）检测后，本研究可靠鉴定出56639条肽段，对应约6000个蛋白质组。Q83X细胞系可作为雷特综合征（Rett syndrome）的疾病模型，其携带的无义突变会导致MeCP2蛋白发生严重截短，缺失关键功能结构域。本独特数据集可用于探究太空飞行环境与MECP2缺陷如何协同影响人类神经发育，为解析宇航员健康风险及神经发育障碍机制提供重要研究支撑。