Based on panel data of smart elderly care level indicators at the provincial level in China from 2008 to 2023

As of 2023, the smart elderly care policy has established five batches of pilot provincial administrative units. The first batch in 2017 includes Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, etc., the second batch in 2018 includes Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, etc., and the third batch in 2019. Batch, the fourth batch in 2020 and the fifth batch in 2022. Although there are five batches of pilot projects, the second and third batches of pilot projects have a short time and are less affected by policies, and the fourth and fifth batches are almost consistent with the first batch of pilot cities, so this paper selects the first batch of pilot projects for research. The experimental areas are distributed in the eastern, central and western regions of China, and we use samples from other provincial administrative units in China as control groups. After eliminating the samples with missing values, we selected the panel data of 31 provincial administrative divisions as samples, of which 21 provincial administrative divisions were the experimental groups. Finally, we obtained 496 observations between 2008 and 2023. All data come from China Statistical Yearbook, White Paper on Smart Pension Industry, reports published by provincial government platforms and annual reports of enterprises.

截至2023年，智慧养老政策已确立五批省级行政单位试点。2017年首批试点包括北京、天津、上海等省市；2018年第二批试点涵盖上海、江苏、浙江等；2019年为第三批，2020年为第四批，2022年为第五批。尽管共计五批试点，但第二批、第三批试点周期较短且受政策影响程度较低，第四、第五批试点区域与首批试点省市基本重合，故本文选取首批试点作为研究对象。本次研究的实验组区域分布于我国东、中、西部三大区域，同时以国内其余省级行政单位的样本作为对照组。在剔除缺失值样本后，最终选取31个省级行政区的面板数据作为研究样本，其中实验组包含21个省级行政区，最终得到2008年至2023年间共计496组观测值。所有数据均来源于《中国统计年鉴》、《智慧养老产业白皮书》、各省级政府平台发布的报告以及企业年度报告。