Data_Sheet_1_What can we learn about stress and sleep from COVID-19 pandemic—perspective from the theory of preventive stress management.docx

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique challenges to individuals worldwide, with a significant focus on the impact on sleep. However, the precise mechanisms through which emotional and cognitive variables mediate this relationship remain unclear. To expand our comprehensive understanding of variables, the present study utilizes the Preventive Stress Management theory, to test the relationship between perceived social support and sleep quality, as well as the effect of perceived COVID-19 stress, hope, negative emotions and coping styles.
MethodsData were collected in March 2022 from 1,034 college students in two universities located in Liaoning Province, China, using an online survey platform regarding perceived social support, perceived COVID-19 stress, sleep quality, hope, negative emotions and coping styles. The moderated mediation model were conducted using Process macro program (Model 6) and the syntax in SPSS.
ResultsThe results revealed perceived COVID-19 stress and negative emotions sequentially mediated the negative relationship between perceived social support and sleep quality. Furthermore, hope and coping styles were found to moderate the sequential mediating effect.
ConclusionThe present study sheds light on the pathways that affect sleep quality among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings highlight the protective roles played by positive social and personal resources, such as perceived social support, hope, and effective coping styles, against sleep problems. These insights have important implications for the development of targeted interventions to improve sleep outcomes during this challenging time.

研究背景：新冠疫情（COVID-19 pandemic）给全球民众带来了独特的挑战，其中睡眠受影响的问题受到广泛关注。然而，情感与认知变量在该关联中发挥的具体中介机制仍不明晰。为全面拓展对相关变量的认知，本研究基于预防性压力管理理论（Preventive Stress Management theory），检验感知社会支持与睡眠质量间的关联，同时探究感知新冠疫情压力、希望感、负性情绪及应对方式的作用效应。
研究方法：本研究于2022年3月，通过在线调查平台，针对中国辽宁省两所高校的1034名大学生开展数据采集，调研内容涵盖感知社会支持、感知新冠疫情压力、睡眠质量、希望感、负性情绪及应对方式。本研究采用SPSS统计软件中的Process宏程序（模型6）及其语法脚本，构建有调节的中介模型。
研究结果：结果显示，感知新冠疫情压力与负性情绪在感知社会支持与睡眠质量的负向关联中发挥了序列中介作用。此外，希望感与应对方式可对该序列中介效应起到调节作用。
研究结论：本研究阐明了新冠疫情期间影响大学生睡眠质量的作用路径。研究结果凸显了感知社会支持、希望感及有效应对方式等积极社会与个人资源在缓解睡眠问题中的保护作用。上述结论可为疫情挑战时期制定针对性干预方案以改善睡眠状况提供重要参考。