Internal temperature and state-of-charge mapping for automotive lithium-ion batteries using ultra-fast P-XRD-CT

Fast-charging Li-ion cells that are sufficiently power dense while also durable and safe will increase the competitiveness of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). To achieve this, the local state-of-charge (SoC_ and temperature must be sufficiently controlled. However, in practice this is highly challenging and informed design from experimental feedback is not possible as invasive methods are required to obtain such information. In these experiments we will employ ultra-fast powder X-ray diffraction computed tomography to monitor the crystallography of the current collectors and electrodes within operating lithium-ion batteries to map the temperature and SoC in real-time. These experiments would be the first of the report of dual-temperature and SoC mapping during operation and the findings will have immediate tangible impacts upon our fundamental understandings of battery operation for researchers, as well as providing much needed insight for cell designers within the commercial sphere.

兼具足够功率密度、耐久性与安全性的快充锂离子电池，将提升纯电动汽车（BEVs）的竞争力。为实现这一目标，需充分控制局部荷电状态（SoC）与温度。然而，实际操作中这一任务极具挑战性——由于获取此类信息需采用侵入式方法，基于实验反馈的智能设计难以实现。本实验将采用超快速粉末X射线衍射计算机断层扫描技术，监测工作状态下锂离子电池内部集流体与电极的晶体结构，从而实现温度与SoC的实时映射。此类实验将首次报道工作状态下的温度与SoC双参数映射，其研究成果不仅能即时深化研究人员对电池工作机制的基础认知，还可为商业领域的电池设计人员提供亟需的洞见。