Trellis systems and rootstocks affect the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes in rainy seasons under semiarid conditions

ABSTRACT The quality and phenolic compound composition might be affected by production system due to microclimate around the bunches and sunlight interception provided by vegetative canopy architecture and environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes with different trellis systems and rootstocks in rainy seasons under tropical conditions. Three trellis systems and two rootstocks were studied in production cycles during the first halves of 2017 and 2018, using a randomized-block experimental design. Interactions between the trellis systems,rootstocks and cycles differentially affect the fruit quality. The association between vertical shoot positioning or an overhead trellis with ‘IAC 766’ induced higher polyphenol compound contents. In turn, the trellis systems overhead trellis and lyre provided greater stability for the berry weight, soluble solids, total soluble sugar contents, yellow flavonoids, total extractable polyphenol compounds or antioxidant activity in both production cycles. The results of this study inferred that the grape quality and phenolic compound composition were not only affected by some specific climatic factors but also by the trellis system, rootstock, and the interaction between the three factors.

摘要 葡萄的品质与酚类物质组成可能受种植模式影响，这是由于果穗周边的微气候、营养冠层结构所决定的光照截留量以及环境条件共同作用所致。本研究旨在探究热带多雨季节下，采用不同架式（trellis systems）与砧木（rootstocks）的‘BRS Cora’葡萄的品质及其抗氧化潜能。本研究于2017年与2018年的上半年生产周期内，采用随机区组试验设计（randomized-block experimental design），对3种架式与2种砧木开展了相关试验。架式、砧木与生产周期三者间的交互作用会对果实品质产生差异化影响。采用‘IAC 766’砧木搭配垂直新梢定位架（vertical shoot positioning）或高架架式（overhead trellis）时，葡萄的酚类物质含量更高。而高架架式与琴形架式（lyre trellis）则在两个生产周期中，均能为果粒重量、可溶性固形物、总可溶性糖含量、黄色类黄酮、总可提取酚类物质以及抗氧化活性提供更稳定的表现。本研究结果表明，葡萄品质与酚类物质组成不仅受特定气候因素影响，同时也与架式、砧木以及三者间的交互作用密切相关。