Test of the moderated mediation model.

This study aims to reveal how emotions influence Unsafe Behavior among coal miners, addressing the increasingly severe safety issues in the coal mining industry. As the complexity of mining environments grows, the impact of workers’ emotional states on safety behaviors has garnered widespread attention. Based on emotion regulation theory and psychological mediation models, we analyzed survey data from 250 workers across multiple subsidiary mining units of a single coal mining enterprise in China, employing regression analysis and Bootstrap methods to examine the relationships among emotions, unsafe psychological states, and Unsafe Behavior. Additionally, we introduced safety climate as a moderating variable to enhance the explanatory power of the model. The results indicate that positive emotions significantly reduce the occurrence of Unsafe Behavior by lowering unsafe psychological states, whereas negative emotions significantly increase Unsafe Behavior by enhancing unsafe psychological states. Furthermore, unsafe psychological states play a mediating role between emotions and Unsafe Behavior, highlighting the crucial role of psychological factors in the emotional influence on behavior. Further analysis shows that safety climate moderates the relationship between negative emotions and unsafe psychological states. Specifically, under a high safety climate, the impact of negative emotions on unsafe psychological states is weakened. This study provides theoretical support and practical reference for safety management in the coal mining industry, offers empirical evidence for the development of emotional regulation and psychological intervention strategies, and emphasizes the importance of fostering a favorable safety climate.

本研究旨在揭示情绪对煤矿矿工不安全行为（Unsafe Behavior）的影响机制，以应对煤炭采矿行业日益严峻的安全生产难题。随着采矿作业环境复杂度不断提升，作业人员情绪状态对安全行为的影响已受到广泛关注。本研究基于情绪调节理论与心理中介模型，对中国某单一煤炭采矿企业旗下多家附属采矿单元的250名作业人员的调研数据展开分析，采用回归分析与Bootstrap法，检验情绪、不安全心理状态与不安全行为之间的关联关系。此外，本研究引入安全氛围作为调节变量，以提升模型的解释效力。研究结果显示，积极情绪可通过降低不安全心理状态，显著减少不安全行为的发生；而消极情绪则通过强化不安全心理状态，显著增加不安全行为的发生概率。进一步而言，不安全心理状态在情绪与不安全行为之间发挥中介作用，凸显了心理因素在情绪影响行为过程中的关键地位。进一步分析表明，安全氛围对消极情绪与不安全心理状态之间的关系具有调节作用。具体而言，在较高的安全氛围下，消极情绪对不安全心理状态的影响会被削弱。本研究为煤炭采矿行业的安全管理提供了理论支撑与实践参考，为情绪调节与心理干预策略的制定提供了实证依据，并强调了培育良好安全氛围的重要性。