Bioactive compounds and juice quality from selected grape cultivars

ABSTRACT Grape juices have been valued due to their potential health benefits, which have demanded increased grape productivity and quality. Five grape cultivars grown in Brazil, Isabel Precoce, Carmem, Violeta, Concord and Bordo were evaluated in 2013 and 2014 seasons for bioactive components and also for juice processing quality traits. Production cycle was the longest for Carmem but lower and similar for Violeta, Isabel, Bordo and Concord. Isabel showed higher productivity (5.4 kg∙plant-1) but lowest soluble solids content (16.9 °Brix), anthocyanins (26.7 mg∙100 g-1) and total phenolics (110.7 mg∙100 g-1). The highest anthocyanins contents were observed in Violeta (189.9 mg∙100 g-1) and Bordo (133.8 mg∙100 g-1). These cultivars were also rich in phenolics (356.1 and 239.5 mg∙100 g-1, respectively). The highest anthocyanin and total phenolics concentrations were found in Violeta juice (2.68 and 6.33 g∙L-1) followed by Bordo (1.44 and 2.86 g∙L-1). Isabel juice had the lowest content, 0.14 and 1.29 g∙L-1, respectively. Biogenic amines were found at low concentrations only in the juices. Putrescine and spermidine were the major amines detected in juices. Phenylethylamine was detected only in Bordo juice from 2013 season and tryptamine was detected only in 2014 season. Blends were preferred over varietal juices except for Carmem.

摘要 葡萄汁因其潜在健康益处而备受青睐，这也推动了葡萄生产效率与品质的提升。本研究于2013和2014生长季对巴西种植的5个葡萄品种——伊莎贝尔早熟（Isabel Precoce）、卡门（Carmem）、维奥莱塔（Violeta）、康科德（Concord）和博尔多（Bordo）——进行了评估，检测其生物活性成分与果汁加工品质性状。卡门的生产周期最长，而维奥莱塔、伊莎贝尔早熟、博尔多与康科德的生产周期较短且相近。伊莎贝尔早熟的单株产量最高（5.4 kg·株⁻¹），但可溶性固形物含量（16.9 °Brix）、花青素含量（26.7 mg·100g⁻¹）与总酚含量（110.7 mg·100g⁻¹）均为最低。维奥莱塔与博尔多的花青素含量最高，分别为189.9 mg·100g⁻¹和133.8 mg·100g⁻¹；这两个品种的总酚含量同样较高，分别为356.1 mg·100g⁻¹与239.5 mg·100g⁻¹。维奥莱塔果汁的花青素与总酚浓度最高，分别为2.68 g·L⁻¹与6.33 g·L⁻¹，其次为博尔多果汁（1.44 g·L⁻¹与2.86 g·L⁻¹）；伊莎贝尔早熟果汁的对应含量最低，分别为0.14 g·L⁻¹与1.29 g·L⁻¹。仅在果汁中检测到了低浓度的生物胺（biogenic amines），腐胺（Putrescine）与亚精胺（Spermidine）是果汁中检出的主要胺类物质。苯乙胺（Phenylethylamine）仅在2013生长季的博尔多果汁中被检出，而色胺（Tryptamine）仅在2014生长季的果汁中被检出。除卡门果汁外，混合葡萄汁的接受度均高于单一品种果汁。