Quality of life in patients undergoing third molar extraction

INTRODUCTION: The removal of third molars can cause disorders and damage in quality of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life in patients underwent surgery, discussing the most commonly events observed. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Sixty patients of a private surgery clinic from João Pessoa/PB were underwent extraction of third molars by the same surgeon and and under the same conditions. Data were collected in two steps: the first one was accomplished at the day of the procedure, which were noted down both patient and surgery informations. The second step were realized seven days after the procedure, the patients answered a form about life quality at the postoperative period. RESULT: 71,4% patients underwent to osteotomy and odontosection maintained their normal activities and 28,6% did not. While in patients not submitted to the techniques, 40,9% maintained their normal activities and 59,1% did not. According to Pell & Gregory classification, 71,4% of patients Class 3 maintained normally their social activities, while 60% of patients Position C didn´t. Patients who remained socially isolated and were underwent to techniques, 71,4% reported as the main reason the pain, and 100% of patients Class 3 and 80% of patients Position C have chosen the same answer. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the techniques used in the transoperative does not influence the quality of life during the postoperative and the position has more influence than the class, in respect to the development of normal social activities.

研究背景：第三磨牙（third molars）拔除术可能引发各类并发症，并对患者的生活质量造成损害。研究目的：本研究旨在评估接受第三磨牙拔除术患者的生活质量，并探讨术后最常出现的相关事件。材料与方法：本研究纳入巴西帕拉伊巴州若昂佩索阿市一家私立外科诊所的60例患者，均由同一位外科医师在相同手术条件下实施第三磨牙拔除术。数据采集分为两个阶段：第一阶段于手术当日完成，记录患者基本信息与手术相关细节；第二阶段于术后7天开展，由患者填写术后生活质量相关问卷。结果：71.4%接受截骨术（osteotomy）与分牙术（odontosection）的患者可维持正常日常活动，仅28.6%无法正常活动；而未接受上述术式的患者中，40.9%可维持正常日常活动，59.1%无法正常活动。根据佩尔-格雷戈里分类法（Pell & Gregory Classification），71.4%的Ⅲ类患者可正常维持社交活动，而60%的C型位置（Position C）患者则无法做到。在接受截骨与分牙术且出现社交隔离的患者中，71.4%将疼痛列为主要诱因；此外，100%的Ⅲ类患者与80%的C型位置患者均选择了该答案。结论：研究结果表明，术中采用的术式并未对患者术后生活质量产生影响；就正常社交活动的维持而言，牙齿位置的影响程度大于牙齿分级。