Table_1_Dose-response effects of acute exercise intensity on state anxiety among women with depression.docx

Anxiety is common in people with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the anxiolytic effects of acute exercise in MDD are unknown. The purpose of this analysis was to determine a potentially optimal acute exercise intensity for reducing state anxiety in women with MDD, the duration of the response, and the potential influences of depression severity and preferred-intensity exercise. Using a within-subject, randomized, counter-balanced design, 24 participants completed five separate visits including 20  min of steady-state bicycling at prescribed (via RPE) light, moderate, or hard intensities, a preferred/self-selected session, or a quiet rest (QR) session. State anxiety was measured via the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1) and anxiety visual analog scale (VAS) at pre-, immediately (VAS only), 10  min, and 30  min post-exercise. Depression was measured via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) pre-exercise. Moderate exercise resulted in a moderate state anxiety reduction compared to QR 10 min (STAI-Y1: g = 0.59, padj = 0.040) and 30 min post-exercise (STAI-Y1: g = 0.61, padj = 0.032). Pairwise differences indicated each exercise session decreased state anxiety pre to 10 min and 30 min post-exercise (all padj < 0.05) for the STAI-Y1, and for moderate and hard exercise from pre to each time point post-exercise (all padj < 0.05) for the VAS. Depression severity was associated with state anxiety (p < 0.01) but did not influence the overall results. Prescribed moderate intensity exercise led to greater reductions in state anxiety compared to preferred at 30 m (STAI-Y1: g = 0.43, p = 0.04). These findings suggest steady-state prescribed moderate exercise reduces state anxiety in women with MDD for at least 30 min following exercise regardless of their depression severity.

焦虑在重度抑郁症（MDD）患者中十分普遍，但急性运动对MDD患者的抗焦虑效应仍不明晰。本分析旨在明确可降低MDD女性患者状态焦虑的最优急性运动强度、该效应的持续时间，以及抑郁严重程度与偏好强度运动的潜在影响。本研究采用被试内随机平衡实验设计，24名受试者完成5次独立访视，分别为基于自觉劳累分级（RPE）设定的轻、中、大强度稳态骑行20分钟、偏好/自主选择强度骑行环节，以及安静休息（QR）对照环节。分别于运动前、运动后即刻（仅焦虑视觉模拟评分法VAS）、运动后10分钟及30分钟，采用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI-Y1）与焦虑视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评估状态焦虑；于运动前采用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）评估抑郁严重程度。与安静休息组相比，中等强度运动在运动后10分钟（STAI-Y1：g=0.59，校正后P值padj=0.040）与30分钟（STAI-Y1：g=0.61，padj=0.032）时可显著降低状态焦虑。两两比较结果显示，对于STAI-Y1评分，所有运动干预环节的状态焦虑均在运动后10分钟、30分钟较干预前显著降低（所有padj<0.05）；对于VAS评分，中等强度与大强度运动环节的状态焦虑在各时间点均较干预前显著降低（所有padj<0.05）。抑郁严重程度与状态焦虑呈显著相关（p<0.01），但未对本研究的整体结果产生影响。运动后30分钟时，规定中等强度运动的抗焦虑效应优于偏好强度运动（STAI-Y1：g=0.43，p=0.04）。本研究结果表明，稳态规定中等强度运动可降低MDD女性患者的状态焦虑，且该效应至少在运动后30分钟内持续存在，不受患者自身抑郁严重程度的影响。