Table_1_The use and sustainable development of marine animal drugs by the Kinh people in Beibu Gulf.docx

The Kinh people of China have historically migrated from Tushan and other areas of Vietnam since the 16th century. They are now settled in Fangchenggang City in the Beibu Gulf region of Guangxi, China. The local Kinh people have lived by fishing and have a rich fishing culture. Accordingly, the Kinh people of China have a long history of using traditional marine animal drugs for their daily medicinal needs. However, with the advent of modern medicine, there is a risk of losing the valuable traditional knowledge of marine animal drugs. Thus, this study aimed to document the types of marine animal drugs and related traditional knowledge of the Kinh people and explore the sustainability of their access to marine animal drugs. Ethnobiological methods, including snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews are used to collect information about the animal drugs used locally during the study. Through field investigations in the “Three Islands of Kinh,” we collected ethnozoological data on 61 marine animal drugs belonging to 52 families across six animal phyla. Chordata and Mollusca are the most represented phyla, while Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Sipuncula, and Cnidaria are less represented. According to the analysis, animal meat is the most frequent medicinal part; the Kinh prefer decoction or making soup, and internal administration is the most frequent use mode. Our statistical analysis revealed that nourishing was the most common purpose for the recorded marine animal drugs in the study area. Our study found that 6 documented species are listed as threatened on the IUCN Red List but receive little targeted protection. The article provides recommendations for protecting traditional knowledge, promoting sustainable development of marine resources, and conserving endangered species.

中国京族（Kinh）自16世纪起便从越南涂山及其他区域迁徙而来，如今定居于中国广西北部湾地区的防城港市。当地京族以渔业为主要生计，拥有底蕴丰厚的渔耕文化。据此，中国京族使用传统海洋动物药材满足日常药用需求的历史源远流长。然而随着现代医学的兴起，这套珍贵的海洋动物药材传统知识面临流失风险。因此，本研究旨在记录京族的海洋动物药材种类及相关传统知识，并探究其获取海洋动物药材的可持续性。本研究采用滚雪球抽样（snowball sampling）、半结构化访谈（semi-structured interviews）等民族生物学方法，收集当地使用的动物药材相关信息。通过在“京族三岛”开展实地调查，本研究共收集到61种海洋动物药材的民族动物学数据，这些药材隶属于6个动物门、52个科。其中脊索动物门（Chordata）与软体动物门（Mollusca）的物种占比最高，节肢动物门（Arthropoda）、棘皮动物门（Echinodermata）、星虫动物门（Sipuncula）及刺胞动物门（Cnidaria）占比相对较低。分析结果显示，动物肉类是最常用的药用部位；京族偏好采用煎煮或熬汤的炮制方式，内服为最主要的给药途径。本研究的统计分析表明，滋补为研究区域内记录的海洋动物药材最常见的药用用途。本研究还发现，有6种已记录物种被列入世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）红色名录的受威胁物种，但几乎未获得针对性保护。本研究最后提出了保护传统知识、促进海洋资源可持续发展以及濒危物种保护的相关建议。