Integrative Analysis Reveals Shegan-Mahuang Decoction Modulates Immunometabolism and Inflammatory Response in Asthma [16S-seq]

SMD alleviated lung injury in asthmatic mice with a significant reduction in leukocytes and recovered inflammatory marker levels. Mice treated with SMD showed higher microbial diversity and reversed metabolic imbalances compared to the asthma group. SMD acted primarily by modulating gene expression enriched in inflammatory processes in the lungs. Analysis of intercellular interactions revealed changes in the interaction network between different cell types during SMD treatment. Particularly, macrophages and T cells showed diversity in differentiation, suggesting the role of cellular heterogeneity and their interactions in immune response to asthma. ELISA results showed that SMD reduced asthma-induced inflammatory factors and IgE levels. Overall design: After 7 days of acclimatization, mice were randomly assigned to four experimental groups containing 15 mice in each group: control, model, SMD and Prednisone (PDN) groups.Stools were taken from all four groups for 16s sequencing.

SMD可减轻哮喘小鼠的肺损伤，显著降低白细胞数量，并使炎症标志物水平恢复正常。与哮喘模型组相比，经SMD干预的小鼠具有更高的微生物群落多样性，且逆转了代谢失衡状态。SMD主要通过调控肺部炎症通路富集的基因表达发挥作用。细胞间相互作用分析显示，SMD干预期间不同细胞类型间的相互作用网络发生了显著改变。尤为关键的是，巨噬细胞与T细胞的分化呈现出多样性，这提示细胞异质性及其相互作用在哮喘免疫应答中发挥了重要作用。酶联免疫吸附测定（Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay，ELISA）结果表明，SMD可降低哮喘诱导产生的炎症因子及免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平。
实验整体设计如下：适应性饲养7天后，将小鼠随机分为4组，每组15只，分别为对照组、模型组、SMD组及泼尼松（Prednisone，PDN）组。采集四组小鼠的粪便样本进行16S测序。