Morphological and physiological characteristics in vitro anthurium plantlets exposed to silicon

Abstract The objective was to evaluate morphological and physiological differences in anthurium plants in vitro, with the use of silicon added to the culture medium. Nodal segments were inoculated in Pierik with different sodium silicate concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg L-1). After 100 days in a growth room, phytotechnical characteristics were evaluated, physiological concentrations of silicon, photosynthetic pigments and microanalysis X-ray. A higher yield of chlorophyll a and b, was observed in plants supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 of sodium silicate. Anthurium plants showed better growth development with an increase in the number of leaves, dry weight and length of the aereal part in plants supplemented with 0.5 and 2.0 mg L-1 sodium silicate. It was also observed an increase in the number of roots of plants supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 of sodium silicate. The use of sodium silicate in culture medium improves the quality of plantlets with an increased absorption of nutrients in the plant Anthurium.

摘要 本研究旨在评估向培养基中添加硅时，离体培养花烛（Anthurium）植株的形态与生理差异。将茎段接种于含不同浓度硅酸钠（0.0、0.5、1.0或2.0 mg·L⁻¹）的皮里克（Pierik）培养基中。于培养室培养100天后，对植株的农艺性状、硅的生理含量、光合色素以及X射线微区分析结果进行测定。结果显示，添加2.0 mg·L⁻¹硅酸钠的处理组中，植株的叶绿素a与叶绿素b含量更高。在添加0.5和2.0 mg·L⁻¹硅酸钠的处理中，花烛植株生长发育更佳，具体表现为叶片数量增多、干重增加以及地上部分长度提升。同时观察到，添加1.0 mg·L⁻¹硅酸钠的植株根系数量有所增加。培养基中添加硅酸钠可提升花烛组培苗的品质，并增强植株对养分的吸收能力。