Neurologic manifestations in emerging arboviral diseases in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil, 2015-2016

Abstract INTRODUCTION Dengue has affected Rio de Janeiro City since the 1980s. The sequential Zika and chikungunya virus introductions during 2015 aggravated the health scenario, with 97,241 cases of arboviral diseases reported in 2015-2016, some with neurological disorders. METHODS Arbovirus-related neurologic cases were descriptively analyzed, including neurological syndromes and laboratory results. RESULTS In total, 112 cases with non-congenital neurologic manifestations (Guillain-Barré syndrome, 64.3%; meningoencephalitis, 24.1%; acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, 8%) were arbovirus-related; 43.7% were laboratory-confirmed, of which 57.1% were chikungunya-positive. CONCLUSIONS Emerging arbovirus infections brought opportunities to study atypical, severe manifestations. Surveillance responses optimized case identification and better clinical approaches.

摘要 引言 登革热自20世纪80年代起便波及里约热内卢市。2015年相继出现的寨卡病毒（Zika virus）与基孔肯雅病毒（chikungunya virus）输入疫情加剧了当地公共卫生形势，2015-2016年累计报告97241例虫媒病毒病（arboviral diseases）病例，其中部分病例伴随神经系统病症。
方法 本研究对虫媒病毒相关神经系统病例开展描述性分析，涵盖神经系统综合征与实验室检测结果。
结果 总计112例非先天性神经系统表现病例与虫媒病毒相关，其中吉兰-巴雷综合征（Guillain-Barré syndrome）占比64.3%、脑膜脑炎占比24.1%、急性脱髓鞘性脑脊髓炎占比8%；43.7%的病例经实验室确诊，其中57.1%为基孔肯雅病毒检测阳性。
结论 新型虫媒病毒感染为研究非典型、重症临床表现提供了契机；优化监测响应可提升病例识别效率并优化临床诊疗方案。