DataSheet_1_Weathering the storm: diagnosis and treatment of a life-threatening disseminated Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection.pdf

Nocardiosis demonstrates a temporal categorization that includes acute, subacute, and chronic stages alongside distinct typical localizations such as pulmonary, cutaneous, and disseminated forms. Disseminated nocardiosis, commonly caused by Nocardia asteroides, N. brasiliensis, and N. farcinica, continues to result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Herein, we report a life-threatening disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a patient with minimal change disease. This study emphasizes the difficulty in the diagnosis and treatment of unknown infections in clinical settings and highlights the important role played by laboratories in solving infectious diseases caused by rare pathogens.

诺卡菌病（Nocardiosis）存在基于病程的分类体系，包含急性、亚急性与慢性三个阶段，同时具有特征性的典型发病类型，涵盖肺源性、皮肤源性及播散性三种形式。播散性诺卡菌病多由星形诺卡菌（Nocardia asteroides）、巴西诺卡菌（N. brasiliensis）以及皮疽诺卡菌（N. farcinica）引发，至今仍可导致严重的发病率与死亡率。本文报道1例由中耳炎诺卡菌（Nocardia otitidiscaviarum）引发的致死性播散性诺卡菌病，患者合并微小病变肾病（minimal change disease）。本研究凸显了临床场景中不明感染性疾病诊疗的难点，并强调了实验室在诊治罕见病原体所致感染性疾病中所扮演的关键角色。