Proportions of p-value less than 0.05 that indicate overall evidence against the null model in two scenarios: (1) fitting the correct model structures and (2) fitting the s-d-s M0 to data generated from a within-host-diversity model M1.

For scenario (2), five datasets are generated independently from M1 with a same set of parameter values (Models), which are used to reveal any consistent difference of the evidence of model mis-specification compared to scenario (1). Noted that in both scenarios, the (same) correct epidemic process component is fitted. is the subset of the full set of residuals , associated with non-zero marks ζk.

针对场景（2），从模型M1中独立生成5个数据集，且均采用同一组参数值（Models），该数据集用于揭示相较于场景（1）的模型设定偏误证据的一致性差异。需注意，在两个场景中，均拟合了（相同的）正确传染病传播过程分量。该子集为完整残差集合的子集，与非零标记ζk相关联。