Table_2_Conventional-Vincristine Sulfate vs. Modified Protocol of Vincristine Sulfate and L-Asparaginase in Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor.DOCX

Background: Vincristine (VCR) is a mono-chemotherapy for canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT). L-asparaginase (LAP) is usually used in combination with other drugs. Previously, LAP-VCR protocol was applied for the CTVT-VCR-resistant cases. However, there were a few reports about using this protocol since the first visit.
Aims: To firstly investigate the effectiveness of combining chemotherapy (Vincristine and L-asparaginase, VCR-LAP) in normal CTVT case. Secondly, to compare this protocol with the conventional (Vincristine, VCR) protocol before and during treatment in 24 CTVT dogs.
Materials and Methods: Clinical signs, tumor relative volume, and histopathological change [amount of CTVT cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TILs/CTVT ratio, collagen area, and Ki-67 proliferative index (PI)] were the treatment evaluation parameters. Moreover, transcriptome analysis of apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bax), drug-resistant genes (ABCB1, ABCG2), and BCL-2 and BAX expression were also included.
Results: Both protocols gave the decreased tumor volume, increased TILs/CTVT ratios and collagen area in the mass. Interestingly, the combination protocol decreased treatment time. There were two resistant cases after treatment with VCR. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were decreased, and this may indicate the better response after treatment. Moreover, both drug resistant genes did not increase after treatment.
Conclusion: The main finding of this study is that the combination protocol did not only decrease treatment duration time but also gave the effectiveness of treatment outcomes in CTVT cases. Therefore, the application of the new protocol could be used by the field practitioners.

背景：长春新碱（Vincristine，VCR）是用于治疗犬传染性生殖道肿瘤（canine transmissible venereal tumor，CTVT）的单一化疗药物。L-天冬酰胺酶（L-asparaginase，LAP）通常与其他药物联合使用。此前，LAP-VCR方案多用于CTVT-VCR耐药病例，但自该方案首次应用以来，相关报道较少。

研究目的：首先探讨联合化疗方案（长春新碱与L-天冬酰胺酶，VCR-LAP）在普通CTVT病例中的疗效；其次对比该联合方案与传统长春新碱（VCR）单药方案在24只患CTVT的犬治疗前后及治疗期间的治疗效果。

材料与方法：本研究的治疗评估参数包括临床症状、肿瘤相对体积、组织病理学变化[CTVT细胞数量、肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes，TILs）、TILs/CTVT比值、胶原面积以及Ki-67增殖指数（Ki-67 proliferative index，PI）]。此外，还纳入了凋亡相关基因（Bcl-2、Bax）、耐药基因（ABCB1、ABCG2）的转录组分析，以及BCL-2与BAX的表达水平检测。

结果：两种方案均可使肿瘤体积缩小，肿块内TILs/CTVT比值及胶原面积升高。值得注意的是，联合方案缩短了治疗时长。使用VCR单药治疗后出现2例耐药病例。Bcl-2与Bax的表达水平降低，这或提示治疗后应答更佳。此外，两种耐药基因的表达水平在治疗后均未升高。

结论：本研究的核心发现为，联合化疗方案不仅缩短了CTVT病例的治疗时长，还提升了治疗效果。因此，该新型方案可供临床从业者推广应用。