Estimating soil surface roughness with models based on the information about tillage practises and soil parameters - dataset

The data were collected on fields located in five settlements near Poznań, western Poland. The monitoring period of soil surface roughness included four seasons over a two-year period: early spring 2017, 2018, and late summer/early autumn 2017, 2018. Soil samples were also taken at this time to determine post-treatment soil moisture levels. Also, one-time soil samples were taken in the first year of research to determine physical and physicochemical soil properties.

An explanation of the table column names:

“field” - Abbreviation of the field where research was carried out in individual settlements. The total number of selected arable fields was 18.

“subfield” - It is a marking of a specific place in the field where the research was conducted. Due to the variation of soil properties within individual fields, soil roughness was tested on selected test areas.

“dd” – Day of data collection.

“mm” - Month of data collection.

“practise” - The type of tillage tool after which the soil surface roughness was recorded.

“HSD” - Height Standard Deviation is a surface roughness index that was calculated from DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and expressed in millimeters.

“T3D” - Tortuosity index is the second surface roughness index that was calculated from DEM. It expresses the ratio between the true surface of DEM and its flat horizontal area.

“granulometric_group” - Name of the granulometric group to which soil samples were classified. Soil texture was determined by the hydrometer method according to standard PN-R-04032.

“sand” - Sand content in the soil sample in %.

“silt” – Silt content in the soil sample in %.

“clay” – Clay content in the soil sample in %.

“moisture” - The moisture level of the soil sample. Gravimetric water content was determined by the gravimetric method with oven drying.

“p_hwater” - The pH of the soil sample determined in water. The soil pH was determined by the potentiometry method.

“p_hkcl” – The pH of the soil sample determined in KCl. The soil pH was determined by the potentiometry method.

“SOC” – Organic matter content in soil was determined by oxidation titration using K2Cr2O7 with H2SO4 on the block mineralization.

“calcium_carbonate” – Calcium carbonate content in soil was obtained using the volumetric Scheibler method.

“iron_oxide” –Iron oxide content in the soil.

本数据集采集自波兰西部波兹南附近5个定居点的农田。土壤表面粗糙度的监测周期覆盖两年内的四个时段：2017年早春、2018年早春，以及2017年夏末/初秋、2018年夏末/初秋。同期采集土壤样品以测定处理后土壤含水率。此外，在研究第一年还一次性采集了土壤样品，用于分析土壤物理及物理化学性质。

表格列名解释：

"field"——试验田（field）：对应各定居点内开展研究的农田缩写，本次共选取18个耕地田块。
"subfield"——亚区（subfield）：田块内开展研究的特定点位标记。由于单个田块内土壤性质存在空间变异，故在选定的试验区内开展土壤粗糙度测试。
"dd"——数据采集日。
"mm"——数据采集月。
"practise"——耕作机具类型：记录土壤表面粗糙度前所使用的耕作机具类型。
"HSD"——高度标准差（Height Standard Deviation）：基于DEM（数字高程模型，Digital Elevation Model）计算得到的地表粗糙度指标，单位为毫米。
"T3D"——弯曲度指数（Tortuosity index）：第二种由DEM计算得到的地表粗糙度指标，其定义为DEM真实地表面积与其水平投影平面面积的比值。
"granulometric_group"——粒级分组（granulometric_group）：土壤样品所属的粒级分组名称。土壤质地采用比重计法测定，符合标准PN-R-04032。
"sand"——砂粒含量：土壤样品中砂粒的占比，以百分比表示。
"silt"——粉粒含量：土壤样品中粉粒的占比，以百分比表示。
"clay"——黏粒含量：土壤样品中黏粒的占比，以百分比表示。
"moisture"——土壤含水率：土壤样品的含水率，采用烘干称重法测定土壤重力含水量。
"p_hwater"——水提pH（p_hwater）：土壤在水提液中的pH值，采用电位法测定。
"p_hkcl"——氯化钾提取pH（p_hkcl）：土壤在氯化钾提取液中的pH值，采用电位法测定。
"SOC"——SOC：土壤有机质含量，采用重铬酸钾-硫酸氧化滴定法（块式矿化法）测定。
"calcium_carbonate"——碳酸钙含量：采用容量法谢布勒（Scheibler）法测定的土壤碳酸钙含量。
"iron_oxide"——氧化铁含量：土壤中氧化铁的含量。