Effects of probiotics on the lipid profile: systematic review

Abstract Alterations in the intestinal microbiota can modulate mechanisms involving risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemias The objective was to review the effects of probiotic supplementation on the prevention and treatment of changes to the lipid profile. The searches were run on the PubMed database, using the descriptors “probiotics and lipid profile” and “probiotics and dyslipidemia,” with publication dates restricted to 2013 to 2018. Supplementation with probiotics significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides and increased HDL-c. Some benefits were observed on anthropometric variables, glycemic control, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune system. The present study suggests that probiotic supplementation should be indicated as adjunctive treatment for dyslipidemias. Further studies should be developed to clarify long-term effects, as well as the influence of probiotics in combination with drug therapy.

摘要 肠道菌群的改变可调控包括血脂异常在内的心血管疾病危险因素相关发病机制。本研究旨在综述益生菌补充疗法对血脂谱异常的预防与治疗作用。检索基于PubMed数据库，采用检索词"probiotics and lipid profile"（益生菌与血脂谱）及"probiotics and dyslipidemia"（益生菌与血脂异常），检索时限限定为2013年至2018年。结果显示，益生菌补充可显著降低总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、甘油三酯水平，并升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）水平。此外，研究还观察到益生菌补充对人体测量学指标、血糖控制、氧化应激、炎症反应及免疫系统具有一定获益。本研究提示，益生菌补充疗法可作为血脂异常的辅助治疗手段。未来需开展更多研究以明确其长期效应，以及益生菌与药物联合治疗的影响。