Supplementary Material for: Clinical Predictors Implicated in the Incidence of Acute Pyelonephritis during the Antepartum Period: A Population-Based Cohort Study

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a common infection during pregnancy that increases the risk of unfavorable maternal and fetal outcomes. However, it has not been clearly elucidated which demographic and clinical characteristics are associated with the incidence of APN during pregnancy. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This population-based cohort study aimed to determine the risk factors for APN during pregnancy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using the database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea, we enrolled Korean women who delivered infants between 2010 and 2014 in Korea and had complete health examination records within 1 year of pregnancy. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the risk factors for APN during pregnancy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 370,248 women, 2,526 (0.7% of the total participants) were treated for APN while in hospitalization during pregnancy. Younger age, history of previous APN within 1 year of pregnancy, and abnormal results of health examination before pregnancy, such as high fasting glucose level (&gt;100 mg/dL) and proteinuria, were associated with an increased risk of APN during pregnancy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Certain maternal demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with the incidence of APN during pregnancy, and these should be monitored closely during antenatal care.

**引言：** 急性肾盂肾炎（Acute pyelonephritis，APN）是妊娠期常见感染性疾病，可升高产妇不良妊娠结局与胎儿不良预后风险。但目前尚未明确哪些人口学与临床特征与妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎的发病相关。
**研究目的：** 本项基于人群的队列研究旨在明确妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎的危险因素。
**研究方法：** 本研究依托韩国健康保险审查暨评价服务（Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea）数据库，纳入2010至2014年间在韩国分娩的韩国籍女性，且其妊娠1年内具备完整健康检查记录。我们采用多变量logistic回归分析评估妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎的危险因素。
**研究结果：** 在370,248名女性中，共有2,526名（占总受试者的0.7%）在妊娠期住院期间接受了急性肾盂肾炎治疗。年龄较轻、妊娠1年内有急性肾盂肾炎病史，以及妊娠前健康检查结果异常（如空腹血糖水平＞100mg/dL、蛋白尿）均与妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎发病风险升高相关。
**研究结论：** 部分产妇的人口学与临床特征与妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎的发病相关，此类特征应在产前保健过程中得到密切监测。