Atmospheric Mercury Data from the Italian Reti Speciali National Monitoring Network (2020–2023)

This dataset presents a comprehensive four-year (2020–2023) record of atmospheric mercury (Hg) measurements in Italy, collected within the recently established Italian National Atmospheric Monitoring Network (Reti Speciali). Designed to fulfill the long-term environmental monitoring requirements of national and international agreements, this publicly accessible resource provides high-quality data for characterizing mercury dynamics across the Italian peninsula. As a resource for both the scientific community and policymakers, this dataset supports the validation of atmospheric transport and deposition models, facilitates regional assessments of mercury cycles and provides a baseline for evaluating the effectiveness of emission reduction policies under the Minamata Convention. The dataset includes high-resolution time-series measurements from three strategically positioned monitoring stations: Schivenoglia (SVG) in the province of Mantua (managed by ARPA Lombardia), Monte Sant’Angelo (MSA) in the province of Foggia (managed by ARPA Puglia), and Montelibretti (MLI) in the province of Rome (managed by CNR-IIA). Atmospheric Hg measurements include: Continuous monitoring of TGM/GEM: automated recordings of Total Gaseous Mercury (TGM) or Gaseous Elemental Mercury (GEM) at all network stations (SVG, MLI, and MSA). Specialized Speciation at MLI: automated measurements of Gaseous Oxidized Mercury (GOM) and Particulate-bound Mercury (PBM), collected exclusively at the Montelibretti (MLI) master station. All timestamps in the provided datasets are standardized in UTC (YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm). The datasets are organised as follow: Validated TGM/GEM Files (3 CSV files): SVG_TGM_Meteo.csv MSA_GEM_Meteo.csv MLI_GEM_Meteo.csv These include TGM/GEM concentrations (ng/m3) at 1 hour of resolution alongside integrated meteorological data: Air Temperature (°C), Wind Speed (m/s), Wind Direction (°), Relative Humidity (%), and Rainfall (mm). Validated Speciation Data (1 CSV file): MLI_HgSpeciation.csv This dataset provides integrated GEM(ng/m3), PBM (pg/m3), and GOM (pg/m3), measured at a 3-hourly resolution. Raw Data Archive (.zip folder): rawdata.zip To ensure transparency and full reproducibility, the repository includes a zip archive containing the original, instrument-generated, raw text files (Tekran 2537X/1130/1135 and Lumex RA-915AM). The archive is categorized into sub-directories for each station (SVG, MSA, and MLI) to facilitate navigation.本数据集收录了2020—2023年为期四年的意大利境内大气汞（mercury, Hg）完整监测记录，数据采自新近建成的意大利国家大气监测网络（Reti Speciali）。 本数据集旨在满足国家及国际环境协定对长期环境监测的相关要求，是一份可公开获取的共享资源，可为刻画意大利半岛全域的汞循环动态特征提供高质量数据。作为面向科研共同体与政策制定者的共享资源，本数据集可为大气传输与沉降模型的验证提供支撑，助力汞循环的区域评估工作，并可为评估《水俣公约》框架下汞减排政策的实施成效提供基准参照。 数据集包含三个战略布局的监测站点的高分辨率时间序列测量数据，分别为：曼托瓦省斯基韦诺利亚（Schivenoglia, SVG，由伦巴第环境保护局ARPA Lombardia运维管理）、福贾省圣安杰洛山（Monte Sant’Angelo, MSA，由普利亚环境保护局ARPA Puglia运维管理），以及罗马省蒙泰利布雷蒂（Montelibretti, MLI，由意大利国家研究委员会大气环境研究所CNR-IIA运维管理）。 大气汞监测项目包含以下内容： 1. 全站点总气态汞（Total Gaseous Mercury, TGM）/气态元素汞（Gaseous Elemental Mercury, GEM）连续监测：在所有网络站点（SVG、MLI与MSA）均开展总气态汞或气态元素汞的自动化连续记录。 2. 蒙泰利布雷蒂站专项汞形态监测：仅在蒙泰利布雷蒂（MLI）主站开展气态氧化汞（Gaseous Oxidized Mercury, GOM）与颗粒结合态汞（Particulate-bound Mercury, PBM）的自动化测量。 本数据集所有时间戳均采用UTC标准格式（YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm）。数据集的组织形式如下： ### 已校验的TGM/GEM数据集文件（共3个CSV文件）： SVG_TGM_Meteo.csv MSA_GEM_Meteo.csv MLI_GEM_Meteo.csv 上述文件包含分辨率为1小时的TGM/GEM浓度数据（单位：ng/m³），并附带集成气象参数：气温（℃）、风速（m/s）、风向（°）、相对湿度（%）及降雨量（mm）。 ### 已校验的汞形态监测数据集文件（共1个CSV文件）： MLI_HgSpeciation.csv 本数据集提供分辨率为3小时的集成化监测数据，包含GEM（单位：ng/m³）、PBM（单位：pg/m³）与GOM（单位：pg/m³）的浓度值。 ### 原始数据归档（.zip压缩文件夹）： rawdata.zip 为保障数据透明度与完全可复现性，本数据集仓库包含一份压缩归档文件，内含仪器生成的原始文本数据文件（对应Tekran 2537X/1130/1135及Lumex RA-915AM型号仪器）。该归档按监测站（SVG、MSA与MLI）划分子目录，便于使用者快速检索与导航。