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Waveguide lattices offer a compact and stable platform for a range of applications, including quantum walks, topological effects, condensed matter system simulation, and classical and quantum information processing. In such lattices, the Hamiltonian's hopping and on-site terms determine the optical evolution, which can be engineered using waveguide spacing and refractive index profile. While waveguide lattices have been realized in various photonic platforms, these devices have always been static and designed for specific applications. We present a programmable waveguide array in which the Hamiltonian terms can be electro-optically tuned to implement various Hamiltonian continuous-time evolutions on a single device. We used a single array with 11 waveguides in lithium niobate, controlled via 22 electrodes, to perform a range of experiments that realized the Su-Schriffer-Heeger model, the Aubrey-Andre model, and Anderson localization, which is equivalent to over 2500 static devices. Our architecture's micron-scale local electric fields independently control waveguide coupling coefficients and effective indices, which overcomes cross-talk limitations of thermo-optic phase shifters in other platforms such as silicon, silicon-nitride, and silica. Electro-optic control allows for ultra-fast and more precise reconfigurability with lower power consumption, and with quantum input states, our platform can enable the study of multiple condensed matter quantum dynamics with a single device.

波导晶格（waveguide lattices）为诸多应用场景提供了紧凑且稳定的实验平台，涵盖量子行走、拓扑效应、凝聚态系统模拟以及经典与量子信息处理等领域。在这类晶格中，哈密顿量（Hamiltonian）的跃迁项与在位项决定了光学演化过程，可通过调整波导间距与折射率分布对其进行工程化设计。尽管波导晶格已在多种光子平台中得以实现，但此类器件始终为静态设计，仅针对特定应用场景定制。本研究提出一种可编程波导阵列，其哈密顿量项可通过电光调控，从而在单台器件上实现多种哈密顿量连续时间演化过程。本研究采用铌酸锂（lithium niobate）材料制备的单条阵列（包含11根波导与22个调控电极），开展了一系列实验，成功实现了苏-施里弗-黑格（Su-Schriffer-Heeger）模型、奥布里-安德烈（Aubrey-Andre）模型以及安德森局域化（Anderson localization），等效性能可替代超过2500台静态器件。该架构利用微米级局域电场独立调控波导耦合系数与有效折射率，克服了硅、氮化硅及二氧化硅等其他平台中热光移相器存在的串扰限制。电光调控可实现超高速、高精度的重构能力，且功耗更低；结合量子输入态，本平台可通过单台器件开展多种凝聚态量子动力学研究。