Discharge areas for the transient ground-water flow model, Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California

This digital data set represents discharge areas in the Death Valley regional ground-water
flow system (DVRFS) transient model. Natural ground-water discharge occurs by way of evapotranspiration (ET)
and spring flow in the DVRFS model domain, an approximately 45,000 square-kilometer region of southern
Nevada and California. Ground water is simulated as discharging from a drain boundary (cell) when the simulated
head in the cell rises above a specified drain altitude using the Drain package (Harbaugh and others, 2000).
Average annual values of ET and spring discharge (San Juan and others, 2004) were used as observation
information during calibration of the DVRFS model (Faunt and others, 2004). The DVRFS transient ground-water
flow model is one of the most recent in a number of regional-scale models developed by the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to support investigations at the Nevada Test Site
(NTS) and at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (see "Larger Work Citation", Chapter A, page 8).

本数字化数据集对应死亡谷区域地下水流动系统（Death Valley Regional Ground-water Flow System, DVRFS）瞬态模型中的排泄区。在面积约4.5万平方千米、涵盖内华达州南部与加利福尼亚州的DVRFS模型域内，自然地下水排泄通过蒸散发（ET）与泉水径流两种途径完成。当单元格内的模拟水头高于设定的排水高程时，模型将借助排水模块（Drain Package；Harbaugh等，2000）模拟地下水从排水边界（单元格）排泄的过程。在DVRFS模型的校准阶段（Faunt等，2004），蒸散发与泉水排泄的年均值数据（San Juan等，2004）被用作观测数据集。DVRFS瞬态地下水流动模型是美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey, USGS）为美国能源部（U.S. Department of Energy, DOE）开发的一系列区域尺度地下水模型中的最新成果之一，用于支撑内华达试验场（Nevada Test Site, NTS）与内华达州尤卡山的相关调查研究（详见“大型成果引用（Larger Work Citation）”章节A第8页）。