Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Brazil

Abstract Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important mango (Mangifera indica L.) pests in several parts of the world. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to know the species of fruit flies associated with commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil; report the species of quarantine importance; discuss the influence of the semiarid environment on the distribution of the species and verify their faunistic indices. The study was carried out between July 2011 and June 2014 in ten commercial orchards of mango cultivar Tommy Atkins in the semiarid region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Fruit flies were captured in McPhail traps baited with 5% hydrolyzed corn protein (Bio Anastrepha®). Mangoes fruits were also collected. Faunistic analysis was performed to characterize the populations. Eight fruit fly species (Anastrepha spp. and C. capitata) were captured. The species C. capitata had the highest geographic distribution and was the only one to infest mangoes. The faunistic analysis showed that most of the orchards had low species richness and that C. capitata was the most frequent and predominant species.

摘要：实蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）是全球多个区域重要的杧果（Mangifera indica L.）害虫。本研究的核心目标为明确巴西北里奥格兰德州半干旱区域内，与商业芒果园相关的实蝇物种；记录具有检疫重要性的实蝇类群；探讨半干旱环境对实蝇物种分布的影响，并验证其动物区系指数。本研究于2011年7月至2014年6月期间，在巴西东北部北里奥格兰德州半干旱区域的10个种植‘Tommy Atkins’品种的商业芒果园开展。研究采用添加5%水解玉米蛋白（Bio Anastrepha®）诱饵的麦克菲尔（McPhail）诱捕器捕获实蝇，并同步采集芒果果实。通过动物区系分析对实蝇种群特征进行表征。本次研究共捕获8种实蝇，涵盖南美实蝇属（Anastrepha spp.）物种及地中海实蝇（C. capitata）。其中地中海实蝇（C. capitata）的地理分布范围最广，且是唯一能够侵染芒果的实蝇物种。区系分析结果显示，多数供试果园的实蝇物种丰富度较低，地中海实蝇（C. capitata）为最常见且占绝对优势的物种。