EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes Winter 2019

The survey charted the values and attitudes of Finnish people. The main themes of the Winter 2019 survey included parliamentary elections and government formation, changes in tax policy, environmental actions and the distribution of power in decision-making between nation states and the European Union. First, the respondents were presented with attitudinal statements concerning a variety of social topics, such as welfare, government debt, income disparities, climate change, immigration, taxation and the EU. The respondents' opinions on the new government formed after the parliamentary elections of 2019 were examined. Questions charted what the new government should focus on (e.g. improving employment, lowering taxation, increasing funding for education, stricter environment policy, cutting public expenditure) and what the respondents' views were on the composition of the new government (which political parties should or should not be included in the new government and which political party the prime minister should belong to). Opinions on tax policy were examined with questions concerning whether different taxes should be increased or decreased. Regarding climate change, the respondents were asked what actions, such as giving up meat, dairy or flying and decreasing energy consumption, they thought they could adopt in their lives to slow down climate change. Next, the respondents were asked about the distribution of power between nation states and the EU regarding various different aspects, such as environment policy, taxation of companies, education policy, health care, defence policy and international trade. In addition, the potential future developments of the EU that the respondents hoped to see happen in the following 10 years were surveyed (e.g. Brexit happening, Finland quitting the euro or other countries in addition to Great Britain leaving the EU). Opinions were also charted on Finland's EU membership and the currency change to euro. Finally, questions were presented on whether the EMU membership and the Euro were advantageous or disadvantageous to Finland in the economic situation at the time of the survey. The respondents were also asked whether they would have voted for or against Finland's EU membership if a referendum had been held at the time of responding, and if they had voted in the 1994 referendum, whether they had voted for or against joining the EU. Background variables included gender, age group, size of municipality of residence, region of residence (NUTS3), basic education, professional or vocational education, occupational status, type of employer, contractual (employment) relationship, industry of employment, political party preference, trade union confederation, perceived socioeconomic class and household income.

本调查分析了芬兰民众的价值观与态度。2019年冬季调查的核心主题包括议会选举与政府组建、税收政策调整、环境行动，以及主权国家与欧盟之间决策权的分配。首先，调查向受访者呈现了涉及多个社会议题的态度陈述，涵盖福利、政府债务、收入差距、气候变化、移民、税收及欧盟相关问题。受访者对2019年议会选举后组建的新政府的看法也被纳入调查范围，包括新政府应聚焦的重点领域（例如促进就业、降低税收、增加教育经费、收紧环境政策、削减公共开支），以及受访者对政府组成的意见（哪些政党应纳入或排除，总理应来自哪个政党）。调查还收集了受访者对税收政策的看法，即不同税种应增税还是减税。在气候变化方面，受访者被问及可在生活中采取哪些行动以减缓气候变化，例如放弃肉类与乳制品消费、减少航空出行、降低能源消耗等。其次，调查探讨了主权国家与欧盟在环境政策、企业税收、教育政策、医疗保健、国防政策及国际贸易等多个领域的决策权分配情况。此外，调查询问了受访者对欧盟未来十年潜在发展的期望，例如英国脱欧、芬兰退出欧元区，或英国之外的其他国家脱离欧盟等。受访者对芬兰欧盟成员国身份及欧元货币转换的意见也被调查：包括欧洲货币联盟（EMU）成员国身份及欧元对当时芬兰经济状况的利弊；若在调查时举行欧盟成员国身份公投，受访者会投赞成还是反对票；以及若受访者参与了1994年公投，当时的投票立场是赞成还是反对加入欧盟。背景变量涵盖性别、年龄组、居住城市规模、居住地区（NUTS3）、基础教育水平、专业或职业教育背景、职业状态、雇主类型、雇佣关系、就业行业、政党偏好、工会联盟、感知社会经济阶层及家庭收入。