Supplementary Material for: Prevalence and Impact of Dietary Avoidance among Individuals with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Background: People with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are interested in dietary alterations to manage the condition. However, there are few data on the prevalence of this or the impact on HS activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and impact of dietary alterations made by people with HS. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was sent to people with HS through multiple sources. Participants reported food alterations in the prior 6 months. ­Results: Overall, 242 complete surveys were included in this analysis; the mean age was 35.8 years, and most (87.5%) were women. The majority (75.8%, n = 182) altered at least one food from their diet. Within this group, 154 (84.6%) made changes to multiple food groups. The top 5 food groups that were altered were gluten (48.8%), dairy (44.2%), refined sugars (40.0%), tomatoes (36.7%), and alcohol (37.1%). Smoking was eliminated in 27.5% of participants. Some participants (30.9%) reported the change made the HS “much better.” Conclusions: Dietary alteration to manage HS was common among participants in this study. Some people reported improvement in HS activity, but some noted worsening. Additional research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary alteration to manage HS and to better understand the underlying pathomechanisms.

背景：化脓性汗腺炎（hidradenitis suppurativa, HS）患者希望通过饮食调整来控制该疾病，但目前关于此类行为的患病率及其对HS活动度影响的相关数据较为匮乏。本研究旨在探究HS患者进行饮食调整的现状及其对HS活动度的影响。
方法：本研究通过多渠道向HS患者发放横断面调查问卷，要求参与者回顾并报告其近6个月内的饮食调整情况。
结果：本研究共纳入242份有效问卷进行分析；参与者平均年龄为35.8岁，其中绝大多数（87.5%）为女性。共有75.8%（n=182）的参与者对自身饮食中至少一种食物进行了调整。在该亚组中，154名（84.6%）患者调整了至少两类食物。调整频次最高的前五类食物依次为麸质（48.8%）、乳制品（44.2%）、精制糖（40.0%）、番茄类（36.7%）及酒类（37.1%）。27.5%的参与者完全戒烟。另有30.9%的参与者表示饮食调整后HS症状“显著改善”。
结论：本研究中，HS患者通过饮食调整控制疾病的情况较为普遍。部分患者报告HS活动度有所改善，但也有患者症状出现恶化。未来仍需开展更多研究以评估饮食调整控制HS的疗效，并深入阐明其潜在发病机制。