MouseLight Neuron AL0001

A vast neural tracing effort by a team of Janelia scientists has upped the number of fully-traced neurons in the mouse brain by a factor of 10. Researchers can now download and browse the data in three dimensions. Inside the mouse brain, individual neurons zigzag across hemispheres, embroider branching patterns and, researchers have now discovered, can even spool out spindly fibers up to 45 centimeters long. Scientists can see and explore these wandering neural traces in 3-D in the most detailed map of mouse brain wiring yet created. The map reconstructs the shape and position of more than 300 of the 70 million neurons in the mouse brain. Previous efforts to trace the path of individual neurons had topped out in the dozens. The selectively-labeled neurons were mapped in an iterative process with two-photon microscopy. The brain is sliced in 200-micron sections and a few dozen neurons are labeled at a time and imaged. Each brain imaged yields about 50 terabytes of data, each containing mapped neurons which can be browsed via the NeuronBrowser application at https://ml-neuronbrowser.janelia.org/. Researchers interested in the complete raw data set should contact Janelia to discuss obtaining it via hardware transfer.

Janelia团队的科学家们开展了一项大规模神经追踪（neural tracing）工作，将小鼠大脑中完全追踪的神经元数量提升了10倍。研究人员如今可下载并以三维方式浏览该数据。在小鼠大脑内部，单个神经元跨半球呈锯齿状延伸，编织出分支图案；研究人员还发现，这些神经元甚至能伸出长达45厘米的细长纤维。科学家们可在目前最详尽的小鼠大脑连接图谱中，以三维方式观察和探索这些游走的神经轨迹。该图谱重构了小鼠大脑7000万个神经元中300多个的形态与位置。此前追踪单个神经元路径的尝试最多仅完成数十个。这些经选择性标记的神经元通过双光子显微镜（two-photon microscopy）以迭代过程完成映射。大脑被切成200微米的切片，每次标记并成像数十个神经元。每颗成像大脑产生约50太字节的数据，其中包含已映射的神经元，可通过NeuronBrowser应用（https://ml-neuronbrowser.janelia.org/）浏览。对完整原始数据集感兴趣的研究人员应联系Janelia，商议通过硬件传输获取该数据集。