Difference in nutritional values between wild and farmed tambaqui in the north region of Brazil

Abstract The demand for wild tambaqui has led to overfishing of their natural stocks, and has thus increased the demand for farmed fish. This has raised a question regarding the nutritional value of these groups of individuals; to see if they differ when they grow in wild and farmed environments. The meat of 28 tambaqui was evaluated by measuring the moisture, ash and total proteins among the fish from the two different environments in the states of Amazonas and Rondônia, Brazil. The averages of the centesimal composition showed significant differences, between environments and states. The moisture values of wild fish between the states did not differ, but were higher than those farmed in either of the states. The ash value also showed differences between groups by environment and between states. However, it was found that wild tambaqui from both states exhibited the best levels of protein and did not show statistical dissimilarities. The group farmed in Rondônia was also similar to the wild ones caught in that state. As for farmed fish, the averages between states were different, with the lowest value attributed to fish from Amazonas. The data show that wild tambaqui had a higher nutritional value than farmed fish.

摘要
野生巨脂鲤（tambaqui）的市场需求导致其野生种群遭到过度捕捞，进而推动了养殖巨脂鲤的需求增长。这一现状引出了一项核心研究问题：即在野生与养殖环境下生长的巨脂鲤，其营养价值是否存在差异。
本研究采集了巴西亚马逊州（Amazonas）与朗多尼亚州（Rondônia）两种环境下的28尾巨脂鲤样本，对其肌肉中的水分、灰分及总蛋白质含量开展检测分析。
百分营养组成的平均值结果显示，不同养殖环境与州际间均存在显著差异。其中，两个州的野生巨脂鲤水分含量无统计学差异，但均显著高于对应州的养殖巨脂鲤。灰分含量同样在不同环境组间以及州际间存在显著差异。
不过研究发现，来自两个州的野生巨脂鲤均表现出最优的蛋白质水平，且二者间无统计学显著性差异；朗多尼亚州的养殖巨脂鲤，其蛋白质水平与该州捕获的野生个体并无显著差异。
针对养殖巨脂鲤群体，州际间的平均蛋白质含量存在显著差异，其中亚马逊州养殖个体的蛋白质水平最低。
本研究数据表明，野生巨脂鲤的营养价值高于养殖巨脂鲤。