Supplementary Material for: How a five-day stay in the tobacco-free environment of the Stoptober House supports individuals to quit smoking: a mixed methods pilot study

Introduction
The Stoptober House is part of the annual national Stoptober smoking cessation campaign in the Netherlands. During the first week of October, 48 volunteers resided in the tobacco-free Stoptober House for five days and received smoking cessation counselling. This pilot study explored how the Stoptober House may have facilitated smoking cessation among participants.
Methods
We included 48 individuals who were selected for the Stoptober House (intervention group) and 67 individuals who were not selected (control group). Surveys were conducted at baseline, immediately after, two and eight weeks post-intervention. We compared self-reported abstinence, psychosocial mediators related to smoking cessation, and perceived active elements of the Stoptober House between the intervention and control groups using t-/chi-square tests and linear mixed model (LMM) analysis. 16 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted to explore participants' perspectives on the elements contributing to their success in quitting smoking.
Results
At 8 weeks follow-up, a higher proportion of participants in the intervention group (24/48 (50%)) reported being abstinent compared to the control group (5/67 (7%); p<0.001). Among participants who reported making a quit attempt, 22/38 (57.9%) in the intervention group remained abstinent compared to 4/17 (23.5%) in the control group (p=0.022).
The intervention group also exhibited higher self-efficacy to quit smoking throughout the follow-up period and higher social support immediately after the Stoptober House. No significant differences were observed in other psychosocial factors. The interviews highlighted several perceived elements of the Stoptober House that contributed to smoking cessation success, including restricted smoking opportunities, access to smoking cessation counselors, and peer support.
Conclusion
This pilot study suggests that the Stoptober House provides support that can help people quit smoking. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the cost-effectiveness of this intervention in promoting long-term abstinence among specific groups of smokers.

引言
Stoptober戒烟小屋（Stoptober House）是荷兰年度全国Stoptober戒烟活动的组成部分。10月第一周，48名志愿者入住无烟的Stoptober戒烟小屋，时长5天，并接受戒烟咨询服务。本预实验旨在探究Stoptober戒烟小屋如何助力参与者实现戒烟。

研究方法
本研究纳入了入选Stoptober戒烟小屋的48名受试者（干预组），以及未入选的67名受试者（对照组）。分别在干预前基线、干预后即刻、干预后2周及8周开展问卷调查。通过t检验/卡方检验（chi-square tests）及线性混合模型（linear mixed model, LMM）分析，对比干预组与对照组的自我报告戒断情况、与戒烟相关的社会心理中介变量，以及受试者感知到的Stoptober戒烟小屋的有效干预元素。此外，本研究开展了16次半结构化质性访谈，以探究参与者对助力其戒烟成功的各项因素的看法。

研究结果
在8周随访时，干预组受试者的自我报告戒断率（24/48，50%）显著高于对照组（5/67，7%；p<0.001）。在报告过戒烟尝试的受试者中，干预组有22/38（57.9%）维持戒断状态，对照组则为4/17（23.5%；p=0.022）。在整个随访周期内，干预组的戒烟自我效能感（self-efficacy）均显著更高，且在Stoptober戒烟小屋入住结束后即刻获得的社会支持水平也更高。其余社会心理因素未观察到显著组间差异。质性访谈结果显示，受试者感知到的助力戒烟成功的Stoptober戒烟小屋关键元素包括：受限的吸烟机会、便捷的戒烟咨询服务，以及同伴支持。

结论
本预实验结果表明，Stoptober戒烟小屋所提供的支持可有效帮助人群戒烟。未来仍需开展进一步研究以验证本研究结论，并评估该干预手段在特定吸烟人群中推广以实现长期戒断的成本效益。