Data_Sheet_1_Identification of Antimicrobial Compounds in Two Streptomyces sp. Strains Isolated From Beehives.PDF

The World Health Organization warns that the alarming increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria will lead to 2.7 million deaths annually due to the lack of effective antibiotic therapies. Clearly, there is an urgent need for short-term alternatives that help to alleviate these alarming figures. In this respect, the scientific community is exploring neglected ecological niches from which the prototypical antibiotic-producing bacteria Streptomycetes are expected to be present. Recent studies have reported that honeybees and their products carry Streptomyces species that possess strong antibacterial activity. In this study, we have investigated the antibiotic profile of two Streptomycetes strains that were isolated from beehives. One of the isolates is the strain Streptomyces albus AN1, which derives from pollen, and shows potent antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. The other isolate is the strain Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus AD2, which was isolated from honey, and displays a broad range of antimicrobial activity against different Gram-positive bacteria, including pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococus faecalis. Cultures of S. griseoaurantiacus AD2 have the capacity to produce the antibacterial compounds undecylprodigiosin and manumycin, while those of S. albus AN1 accumulate antifungal compounds such as candicidins and antimycins. Furthermore, genome and dereplication analyses suggest that the number of putative bioactive metabolites produced by AD2 and AN1 is considerably high, including compounds with anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties. Our results postulate that beehives are a promising source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds that might be of interest to the agri-food sector and healthcare pharmaceuticals.

世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）警告称，抗生素耐药细菌的数量正以惊人速度增长，每年将因缺乏有效抗生素治疗方案导致270万例死亡。显然，当下亟需能够缓解这一严峻态势的短期替代疗法。在此背景下，科学界正探索未被充分研究的生态位，其中有望发现典型的产抗生素细菌——链霉菌属（Streptomycetes）。近期研究表明，蜜蜂及其蜂产品携带有具备强效抗菌活性的链霉菌属物种。本研究对两株从蜂箱中分离得到的链霉菌菌株的抗菌谱进行了探究。其中一株为从花粉中分离得到的白色链霉菌（Streptomyces albus）AN1，对白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）展现出强力的抗微生物活性；另一株为从蜂蜜中分离得到的灰橙链霉菌（Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus）AD2，对包括金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）、粪肠球菌（Enterococcus faecalis）在内的多种革兰氏阳性病原菌具有广谱抗微生物活性。灰橙链霉菌AD2的培养物可产生抗菌化合物十一烷基灵菌红素（undecylprodigiosin）与制癌霉素（manumycin），而白色链霉菌AN1的培养物则积累有杀念珠菌素（candicidins）与抗霉素（antimycins）等抗真菌化合物。此外，基因组与去重复分析表明，AD2与AN1可产生大量潜在生物活性代谢物，包括具备抗菌与抗癌特性的化合物。本研究结果表明，蜂箱是发掘新型生物活性化合物的极具潜力的来源，这类化合物有望在农业食品领域与医疗制药领域得到应用。