Effects of Yeast Glucomannan and Sodium Bentonite on the Toxicity of Aflatoxin in Broilers

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a yeast glucomannan (YG) and sodium bentonite (SB) in reducing the toxicity of aflatoxin for broilers fed a diet naturally contaminated with aflatoxin. In total, 300 7-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 10 dietary treatments, consisting of a diet with no aflatoxin (positive control), a diet naturally contaminated with 250 ppb aflatoxin (negative control), and eight aflatoxin-contaminated diets supplemented with different SB and YG and their combinations. Serum biochemical parameters and liver pathological changes were investigated when broilers were 42 days old. The birds fed the negative control diet presented lower uric acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and higher in AST and ALT activities compared with the positive control group. In addition, negative-control birds also showed significant histopathological changes (p<0.05), including slight to moderate hydropic degeneration and/or fatty changes (8 cases), bile-duct hyperplasia (7 cases), periportal fibrosis (5 cases), cells infiltration (4 cases), congestion (3 cases) as well gross pathological changes. The addition of YG and SB to the aflatoxin-contaminated diet partially alleviated the negative effects of aflatoxin. However, the supplementation 0.1% YG alone to the aflatoxin-contaminated diet significantly prevented the adverse effects of aflatoxin on serum biochemical parameters and pathological liver changes and was found to be more effective than other treatments.

摘要：本研究旨在评估酵母葡聚糖甘露聚糖（yeast glucomannan, YG）与钠基膨润土（sodium bentonite, SB）对自然污染黄曲霉毒素日粮饲喂肉鸡的黄曲霉毒素毒性的缓解效果。试验共选取300只7日龄罗斯308（Ross 308）肉鸡，随机分为10个日粮处理组，分别为：无黄曲霉毒素基础日粮组（阳性对照组）、自然污染250 ppb黄曲霉毒素的日粮组（阴性对照组），以及8种添加不同剂量SB、YG及其复配组合的黄曲霉毒素污染日粮组。于肉鸡42日龄时采集血清检测生化指标，并观察肝脏病理变化。结果显示，阴性对照组肉鸡的血清尿酸、胆固醇及甘油三酯水平较阳性对照组更低，而天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）与丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活性更高。此外，阴性对照组肉鸡还出现了具有统计学意义的组织病理学变化（p<0.05），具体包括轻至中度水样变性和/或脂肪变性（8例）、胆管增生（7例）、门脉周围纤维化（5例）、炎性细胞浸润（4例）、充血（3例），同时伴有大体病理变化。在黄曲霉毒素污染日粮中添加YG与SB可部分缓解黄曲霉毒素带来的负面效应。不过，仅在污染日粮中添加0.1%的YG即可显著抵御黄曲霉毒素对血清生化指标与肝脏病理变化的不良影响，且其干预效果优于其余所有处理组。