MICELLE, the micelle size effect on the LS counting efficiency

Abstract
This version extends the computation of the liquid-scintillation counting efficiency to electron-capture radionuclides of 30 ≤ Z ≤ 54. The simplified deterministic models of previous versions are replaced by a complete stochastic model, which considers all possible subshells involved in the atomic rearrangement of the atom. The program can simulate samples in the gel phase, including the effects of the micelles on the counting efficiency. These effects have been found to be useful for buildin...

Title of program: MICELLE
Catalogue Id: ACPU_v3_0

Nature of problem
Both Β and electron-capture are decay processes characterized by a large variability in energy. In the first case, one single Β-particle is emitted per decay following the Fermi distribution. In the second, several electrons (Auger and/or Coster-Kronig) of very different energies can be ejected simultaneously. The detailed simulation of these two electron release processes has practical interest in two situations: (1) to standardize radionuclides with a liquid-scintillation counter, (2) to compu ...

Versions of this program held in the CPC repository in Mendeley Data
ACPU_v1_0; EMI; 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90234-8
ACPU_v2_0; EMI2; 10.1016/S0010-4655(99)00263-5
ACPU_v3_0; MICELLE; 10.1016/j.cpc.2006.11.002

This program has been imported from the CPC Program Library held at Queen's University Belfast (1969-2018)

摘要
本版本将液体闪烁计数（liquid-scintillation counting）效率的计算范围拓展至原子序数30≤Z≤54的电子俘获放射性核素（electron-capture radionuclides）。此前版本中的简化确定性模型已被完整随机模型替代，该模型充分考虑原子重排（atomic rearrangement）过程中涉及的全部可能亚壳层（subshell）。本程序可模拟凝胶相（gel phase）样品，涵盖胶束（micelles）对计数效率的影响。此类效应在构建……

程序名称：MICELLE
目录编号：ACPU_v3_0

问题本质
β衰变与电子俘获均为能量具有显著可变性的衰变过程。就β衰变而言，每次衰变会按照费米分布（Fermi distribution）释放单颗β粒子；而电子俘获衰变过程中，可同时发射多颗能量差异极大的电子，包括俄歇（Auger）电子及/或科斯特-克朗尼格（Coster-Kronig）电子。对这两类电子释放过程开展精细化模拟，在两种场景下具备实际应用价值：(1) 采用液体闪烁计数器对放射性核素进行活度标准化；(2) 计算……

本程序在Mendeley数据中的CPC（Computer Physics Communications）程序库包含以下版本：
ACPU_v1_0; EMI; 10.1016/0010-4655(94)90234-8
ACPU_v2_0; EMI2; 10.1016/S0010-4655(99)00263-5
ACPU_v3_0; MICELLE; 10.1016/j.cpc.2006.11.002

本程序源自贝尔法斯特女王大学馆藏的CPC程序库（1969-2018年）