Data Sheet 2_Modeling the weaning diet of piglets with fermented feed material: effects on growth performance and health parameters.pdf

Recently, fermented feed materials (FFM) have gained attention for their potential to improve overall performance in piglets. In this study, the effect of supplementing FFM to the diet of Topigs Norsvin Yorkshire piglets (weaning) on growth performance and health parameters was investigated. The whole experiment was divided into two phases: suckling (days 7 to 25) and weaning (days 25 to 69). During the suckling phase, 36 piglets (divided into three groups of 12 piglets/group) were assigned to three groups to differently ‘program’ their gut: (1) control (C) group, receiving a full-fledged commercial pre-starter feed, and (2) the Pp and (3) Pa groups, which received 25 mL of fermented milk permeate prepared either with Pediococcus pentosaceus LUHS183 and Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS29, respectively. In weaning, the pigs received two diets: C group received a non-fermented basal diet; Pp and Pa—same Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS122, Lactobacillus casei LUHS210, Latilactobacillus curvatus LUHS51, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LUHS244 FFM. Results showed that weaned pigs of the Pp and Pa groups had higher body weight on day 69 compared to C group. Feed conversion ratio was similar in all three groups. On day 69, the highest concentration of immunoglobulins IgG was found in Pa group compared to other groups, while plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were lower in treated groups compared to the C group. Diet did not influence ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), faecal pH or dry matter content. On day 69, the faeces of the Pp and Pa groups exhibited higher texture hardness compared to the control (C) group. Additionally, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count differed significantly between the Pa and control groups. The C group had high abundances of beneficial lactobacilli and Prevotellaceae but the lowest bacterial diversity compared to the Pp and Pa groups. On day 69, faeces of treated groups had greater variability in individual volatile compounds (VCs) compared to the C group. Significant correlations between VC and faecal microbiological parameters were observed. In conclusion, the findings from this study show that with pediococci (LUHS183 and LUHS29), and lactobacilli FFM supports gut microbial diversification and homeostasis, potentially leading to improved BW gain.

近年来，发酵饲料原料（fermented feed materials, FFM）因有望改善仔猪整体生产性能而受到广泛关注。本研究旨在探讨在托佩克（Topigs Norsvin）约克夏断奶仔猪日粮中添加FFM对其生长性能及健康指标的影响。整个试验分为两个阶段：哺乳阶段（第7~25天）与断奶阶段（第25~69天）。
哺乳阶段，选取36头仔猪，随机分为3组（每组12头），通过不同方式对其肠道进行"程序化"调控：（1）对照组（C组），饲喂全价商品教槽料；（2）Pp组与（3）Pa组，分别饲喂25mL由戊糖片球菌（Pediococcus pentosaceus）LUHS183和乳酸片球菌（Pediococcus acidilactici）LUHS29制备的发酵乳清渗透液。
断奶阶段，仔猪饲喂两种日粮：C组饲喂非发酵基础日粮；Pp组与Pa组饲喂添加了植物乳杆菌（Lactiplantibacillus plantarum）LUHS122、干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）LUHS210、卷曲乳杆菌（Latilactobacillus curvatus）LUHS51及副干酪乳杆菌（Lacticaseibacillus paracasei）LUHS244的发酵饲料原料。
试验结果显示，第69天时，Pp组与Pa组断奶仔猪的体重均高于C组。三组的料重比无显著差异。第69天时，Pa组的免疫球蛋白G（IgG）浓度为三组最高，而处理组的血浆丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase, ALT）水平均低于C组。日粮对ALT、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase, AST）、粪便pH值及干物质含量无显著影响。第69天时，Pp组与Pa组的粪便质地硬度均高于对照组。此外，Pa组与对照组的乳酸菌（lactic acid bacteria, LAB）计数存在显著差异。C组的有益乳杆菌与普雷沃氏菌科（Prevotellaceae）丰度较高，但细菌多样性低于Pp组与Pa组。第69天时，处理组粪便中个体挥发性化合物（volatile compounds, VCs）的变异程度高于C组。研究观察到挥发性化合物与粪便微生物学参数间存在显著相关性。
综上，本研究结果表明，添加片球菌（LUHS183与LUHS29）及乳杆菌源发酵饲料原料，可促进肠道微生物群落多样化与稳态平衡，进而有望提升仔猪体重增长。