Exploring the benefits of structured information with the use of virtual design and construction principles in a BIM life-cycle approach

Building information modelling (BIM) is well established in Denmark. However, there has been a lack of focus on the value that can be generated by using BIM during the design and construction phase. In this paper we address the questions: how will a design strategy as a concept look? and, what added value does a more structured and pragmatic work method add to the use of BIM throughout design and construction processes? A literature review established the main areas to further address through a case study method. Two cases were used, a live project and a theoretical project developed by students with the participation of the researchers as teachers. The outcome was to develop a pragmatic design strategy that is as uncomplicated as possible, but can lead a digital construction process and BIM project through the design phases and into the construction and O&M phases with the use of structured data and information from the models in an interdisciplinary manner. In order to develop a common language and understanding about the digital construction process, a paradigm for a BIM roadmap was also further developed. The work also discovers and investigates how an academic institution can develop work methods through on-going development, tests and evaluation in collaboration with practitioners from the AEC industry. The work has theoretical and practical implications.

建筑信息模型（Building Information Modelling，BIM）在丹麦已得到广泛应用。然而，当前业界与学界对其在设计与施工阶段所能创造的价值缺乏足够关注。本文针对两大核心问题展开研究：其一，作为一种理念的设计策略应具备何种形态？其二，在全设计与施工流程中采用更为结构化且务实的工作方法，能为BIM应用增添何种附加价值？本研究先通过文献综述明确了需进一步探究的核心方向，随后采用案例研究法开展工作。本次研究选取了两个案例：一是实际在建项目，二是由学生开发、研究人员以教师身份参与指导的理论项目。本研究最终形成了一套尽可能简洁务实的设计策略，该策略能够以跨学科方式利用模型中的结构化数据与信息，引导数字化建造流程及BIM项目顺利历经设计阶段，进而延伸至施工与运维（Operation and Maintenance，O&M）阶段。为构建关于数字化建造流程的统一交流语言与认知共识，本研究还进一步完善了BIM路线图的范式框架。此外，本研究还探索并分析了学术机构如何通过与建筑、工程与施工（Architecture, Engineering, Construction，AEC）行业从业者开展合作，借助持续迭代开发、测试与评估来优化工作方法。本研究兼具理论与实践双重意义。