Mobile technologies in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 105

Mobile technologies (including handheld and wearable devices) have the potential to enhance learning activities from basic medical undergraduate education through residency and beyond. In order to use these technologies successfully, medical educators need to be aware of the underpinning socio-theoretical concepts that influence their usage, the pre-clinical and clinical educational environment in which the educational activities occur, and the practical possibilities and limitations of their usage. This Guide builds upon the previous AMEE Guide to e-Learning in medical education by providing medical teachers with conceptual frameworks and practical examples of using mobile technologies in medical education. The goal is to help medical teachers to use these concepts and technologies at all levels of medical education to improve the education of medical and healthcare personnel, and ultimately contribute to improved patient healthcare. This Guide begins by reviewing some of the technological changes that have occurred in recent years, and then examines the theoretical basis (both social and educational) for understanding mobile technology usage. From there, the Guide progresses through a hierarchy of institutional, teacher and learner needs, identifying issues, problems and solutions for the effective use of mobile technology in medical education. This Guide ends with a brief look to the future.

移动技术（包括手持设备与可穿戴设备）具备赋能医学教育全周期学习活动的潜力，覆盖基础医学本科教育、住院医师规范化培训乃至后续职业发展阶段。若要成功应用此类技术，医学教育工作者需明晰支撑其使用的社会理论概念、开展教育活动的临床前与临床教学环境，以及该技术应用的实际可行性与局限性。本指南以既往《AMEE医学教育在线学习指南》为基础，为医学教师提供医学教育领域移动技术应用的概念框架与实践案例。本指南的目标在于帮助医学教师在医学教育各层级应用上述理论与技术，以提升医学与卫生保健人员的培养质量，最终助力患者医疗服务水平的优化。本指南首先梳理近年出现的技术变革，随后阐释理解移动技术应用所需的理论基础（涵盖社会与教育两大维度）。在此基础上，本指南围绕机构、教师与学习者的需求层级展开论述，系统梳理医学教育中移动技术有效应用面临的各类问题与解决方案。本指南最后将简要展望未来发展前景。