Table_1_Serum biomarkers in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy: a proteomics-based analysis.docx

ObjectiveTo investigate the serum biomarkers in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).
MethodsA total of 9 DRE patients and 9 controls were enrolled. Serum from DRE patients was prospectively collected and analyzed for potential serum biomarkers using TMT18-labeled proteomics. After fine quality control, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to find differentially expressed proteins. Pathway enrichment analysis identified some biological features shared by differential proteins. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was further performed to discover the core proteins.
ResultsA total of 117 serum differential proteins were found in our study, of which 44 were revised upwards and 73 downwards. The up-regulated proteins mainly include UGGT2, PDIA4, SEMG1, KIAA1191, CCT7 etc. and the down-regulated proteins mainly include ROR1, NIF3L1, ITIH4, CFP, COL11A2 etc. Pathway enrichment analysis identified that the upregulated proteins were mainly enriched in processes such as immune response, extracellular exosome, serine-type endopeptidase activity and complement and coagulation cascades, and the down-regulated proteins were enriched in signal transduction, extracellular exosome, zinc/calcium ion binding and metabolic pathways. PPI network analysis revealed that the core proteins nodes include PRDX6, CAT, PRDX2, SOD1, PARK7, GSR, TXN, ANXA1, HINT1, and S100A8 etc.
ConclusionThe discovery of these differential proteins enriched our understanding of serum biomarkers in patients with DRE and potentially provides guidance for future targeted therapy.

研究目的：本研究旨在探讨耐药性癫痫（drug-resistant epilepsy, DRE）患者的血清生物标志物。研究方法：本研究共纳入9例耐药性癫痫患者与9例健康对照者。前瞻性收集耐药性癫痫患者的血清样本，采用TMT18标记蛋白质组学技术对潜在血清生物标志物进行分析。经严格质量控制后，开展生物信息学分析以筛选差异表达蛋白。通过通路富集分析，明确差异蛋白共有的生物学特征；进一步开展蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（protein–protein interaction, PPI）网络分析，以挖掘核心蛋白。研究结果：本研究共筛选得到117个血清差异表达蛋白，其中44个蛋白表达上调，73个蛋白表达下调。上调蛋白主要包括UGGT2、PDIA4、SEMG1、KIAA1191、CCT7等，下调蛋白主要包括ROR1、NIF3L1、ITIH4、CFP、COL11A2等。通路富集分析结果显示，上调蛋白主要富集于免疫应答、细胞外外泌体、丝氨酸型内肽酶活性以及补体与凝血级联反应等生物学过程；下调蛋白则富集于信号转导、细胞外外泌体、锌/钙离子结合以及代谢通路等。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析显示，核心蛋白节点包括PRDX6、CAT、PRDX2、SOD1、PARK7、GSR、TXN、ANXA1、HINT1及S100A8等。研究结论：本研究发现的这些差异表达蛋白，加深了我们对耐药性癫痫患者血清生物标志物的认知，或可为未来靶向治疗提供指导方向。