Salmon length, weight, sex, stomach data from F/V Great Pacific, R/V Miller Freeman multiple cruises in the Coastal Gulf of Alaska, NE Pacific from 2001-2004 (NEP project)

<p><strong>GLOBEC 2000: Factors Affecting the Distribution of Juvenile Salmon in the Gulf of Alaska</strong><br />
<em>J. Helle (NMFS/AFSC, Auke Bay Laboratory)</em><br />
<em>E. D. Cokelet (Pacific Marine Environmentla Laboratory),<br />
E. V. Farley, Jr. (NMFS/AFSC, Auke Bay Laboratory),<br />
A. B. Hollowed (NMFS/AFSC),<br />
P. J. Stabeno (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory)</em></p>

<p>\"Remarkable changes in atmospheric, oceanic and biological conditions have occurred in recent decades in the North Pacific Ocean including declines in the marine survival of some salmon stocks. Fishery scientists generally agree that in the first few months after leaving freshwater, salmon survival and growth are linked to oceanic variability. The purpose of this research is to focus National Marine Fisheries Service studies on the GLOBEC region, augment oceanographic measurements and determine what biological and physical factors influence the distribution of juvenile salmon. Three general hypotheses are explored in this proposal: (1) juvenile salmon prefer the buoyancy-driven Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) at the head of the Gulf of Alaska, (2) they associate with oceanic temperature, salinity, current and prey fields, and (3) they migrate landward of Kodiak Island in the ACC rather than seaward in the Alaskan Stream. Annual, summer cruises aboard a chartered fishing vessel will catch juvenile salmon on 10 transects between Yakutat Bay and Kodiak Island. The vessel will be outfitted with a thermosalinograph to measure sea-surface temperature and salinity, and with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) - each operating continuously for fine-scale resolution. Modeled tidal currents will be removed from ADCP measurements to reveal the mean flow fields. At each trawl site, temperature and salinity profiles will provide water-column properties, and bongo-net hauls will give zooplankton distributions. Stomach samples from juvenile salmonids will be analyzed in the laboratory for diet composition and compared with zooplankton distributions. Analysis of salmon otoliths for hatchery thermal marks and Genetic Stock Identification techniques will be used to determine the home stream of hatchery and wild stocks in the Gulf of Alaska and their distribution with respect to oceanographic regimes. Retrospective analysis of catch per unit effort versus oceanographic and prey factors will reveal what affects the distribution of pink, chum, coho and sockeye salmon in the study region. Proxies for bio-physical factors will be developed and compared with salmon-run size.\"<em>(project proposal)</em></p>

<p><strong>Data Collection Details:</strong><br />
Types: CTD profiles, ADCP profiles of ocean current, juvenile salmonid catch statistics from trawls, salmonid stomach samples analyzed for diet composition, salmonid otolith analyses, Genetic Stock Identification, zooplankton distributions from bongo-net hauls<br />
Platform: Chartered fishing vessel<br />
Spatial extent: 10 transects perpendicular to the coast between Yakutat Bay and Kodiak Island<br />
Temporal extent: ~2 weeks each July-August of 2001-2004.</p>

<p><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/globec.whoi.edu/images/nep/salmon_spp_photo.jpg\" /></p>

<p><strong>GLOBEC 2000：影响阿拉斯加湾幼鲑分布的因素</strong><br />
<em>J·赫勒（NMFS/AFSC，奥克湾实验室）</em><br />
<em>E·D·科克利特（太平洋海洋环境实验室），<br />
E·V·法利 Jr.（NMFS/AFSC，奥克湾实验室），<br />
A·B·霍洛德（NMFS/AFSC），<br />
P·J·斯塔贝诺（太平洋海洋环境实验室）</em></p>

<p>"近几十年来，北太平洋的大气、海洋和生物条件发生了显著变化，包括部分鲑鱼种群的海洋存活率下降。渔业科学家普遍认为，鲑鱼离开淡水后的最初几个月里，其存活与生长与海洋环境的变异性密切相关。本研究旨在聚焦国家海洋渔业局（NMFS）在GLOBEC区域的研究，扩充海洋学测量数据，并确定影响幼鲑分布的生物与物理因素。本提案探讨三个核心假设：（1）幼鲑偏好阿拉斯加湾头部由浮力驱动的阿拉斯加沿岸流（ACC）；（2）它们与海洋温度、盐度、海流及猎物场存在关联；（3）它们沿ACC向科迪亚克岛的陆地方向迁移，而非沿阿拉斯加洋流向海方向迁移。每年夏季，租用渔船将在雅库塔特湾与科迪亚克岛之间的10条断面上开展幼鲑捕捞作业。该船配备有温盐深仪（CTD）以测量海表温度和盐度，以及声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCP）——两者均持续运行以获取精细分辨率数据。从ADCP测量数据中去除模拟潮汐流，以揭示平均流场。在每个拖网点，温度和盐度剖面将提供水柱特性，Bongonet拖网（bongo-net hauls）将获取浮游动物分布数据。实验室将分析幼鲑胃样本的饮食组成，并与浮游动物分布进行比较。通过分析鲑鱼耳石的孵化场热标记及遗传种群鉴定（Genetic Stock Identification）技术，确定阿拉斯加湾孵化场和野生种群的原生溪流及其在不同海洋学区域的分布。对单位捕捞努力量与海洋学及猎物因素的回顾性分析，将揭示影响研究区域内粉红鲑、大麻哈鱼、银鲑和红鲑分布的因素。将构建生物-物理因素的替代指标，并与鲑鱼洄游规模进行比较。"<em>（项目提案）</em></p>

<p><strong>数据收集细节：</strong><br />
类型：CTD剖面（CTD profiles）、海流ADCP剖面（ADCP profiles of ocean current）、拖网捕获幼鲑统计数据、鲑鱼胃样本饮食组成分析、鲑鱼耳石分析、遗传种群鉴定（Genetic Stock Identification）、Bongonet拖网获得的浮游动物分布<br />
平台：租用渔船<br />
空间范围：雅库塔特湾与科迪亚克岛之间垂直于海岸的10条断面<br />
时间范围：2001-2004年每年7-8月，每次约2周。</p>

<p><img alt="" src="https://datadocs.bco-dmo.org/static/globec.whoi.edu/images/nep/salmon_spp_photo.jpg" /></p>