Baseline characteristics of the study cohort.

Objective
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to optimize the recovery process for patients after surgical interventions and focus on patient-centered care. In cardiac surgery, the ERAS concept is still in its early stages. Our university hospital has implemented an innovative ERAS protocol for minimally invasive heart valve surgery since 2021. Therefore, our study aimed to comprehensively assess the patient experience within this newly established ERAS protocol and focused on exploring and understanding the nuances of optimal healthcare delivery under the ERAS framework from the unique perspective of the patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods
Qualitative research was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed using Kuckartz´s qualitative content analysis.
Results
The following main themes emerged from the 12 completed patient interviews: 1) information and communication flow, 2) perioperative patient care, and 3) rehabilitation. Patients found the pre-operative patient education and preconditioning very helpful. Patients were satisfied with the flow of information throughout the whole perioperative care process. Most patients expressed a need for more information about the course of surgery. The intensity of care provided by different professions was perceived as optimal. The support and inclusion of relatives in perioperative care were considered crucial. Patients appreciated the direct transfer to the rehabilitation and mainly were able to cope with daily life tasks afterward.
Conclusion
In summary, all patients experienced the ERAS protocol positively, and their healthcare process was well established. Active inclusion and education of patients in their treatment can improve patient empowerment. Two further aspects that deserve major consideration in the healthcare process are the inclusion of relatives and interprofessional cooperation.

一、研究目的
加速康复外科（Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ERAS）方案旨在优化外科术后患者的康复进程，核心聚焦于以患者为中心的照护模式。在心脏外科领域，ERAS理念仍处于早期发展阶段。我院作为大学附属教学医院，自2021年起针对微创心脏瓣膜手术推出了创新型ERAS方案。因此，本研究旨在全面评估参与该新型ERAS方案的患者体验，并从心脏手术患者的独特视角，探索并理解ERAS框架下最优医疗服务供给的精细化内涵。

二、研究方法
本研究采用半结构化访谈开展定性研究，数据分析采用库卡茨（Kuckartz）定性内容分析法。

三、研究结果
对12份完成的患者访谈资料进行分析后，提炼出以下三大核心主题：1）信息与沟通流程；2）围手术期患者照护；3）康复管理。患者均认为术前教育与术前预处理极具助益，对整个围手术期照护过程中的信息传递流程表示满意。多数患者表示希望获取更多关于手术进程的相关信息。不同专业医护人员提供的照护强度被认为处于最优水平。家属参与围手术期照护并获得支持的环节被认为至关重要。患者对直接转诊至康复机构的安排表示认可，且术后大多能够顺利应对日常起居活动。

四、研究结论
综上，所有患者均对该ERAS方案持积极评价，其医疗照护流程亦构建完善。主动让患者参与治疗并接受健康教育，可有效提升患者赋权水平。医疗照护流程中另外两个值得重点关注的环节为家属参与及跨专业协作。