Polar Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers (p-iSVP), and standard Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers (iSVP) during SCALE 2019 Winter and Spring Cruises

<strong>Brief data description</strong> In 2019, winter and spring scientific research expeditions aboard the SA Agulhas II were conducted along the Good-Hope line (0^o E) to the Antarctic marginal ice zone (MIZ) in the north-eastern Weddell Sea region as part of the <em>Southern oCean seAsonal Experiment</em> (SCALE; Ryan-Keogh and Vichi, 2022). During the winter expedition, three polar Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers (p-iSVPs; MetOcean model) were deployed by the South African Weather Service (SAWS) between 27 July and 28 July 2019. These buoys were analysed in de Vos et al. (2022). The region of deployment consisted of pancake-ice conditions with an average ice thickness of 40-60 cm. The instruments were deployed by hand by three people, lowered by crane from the ship to the ice on a basket cradle. The first buoy (p-iSVP 1) was deployed in water, in between pancake ice floes, while the other two buoys (p-iSVP 2 and p-iSVP 3) were deployed on roughly circular ice floes &gt; 3 m in diameter. These buoys were expendable devices that recorded GPS position, air and ice temperature, and barometric pressure. The temporal resolution is 30 minutes for p-iSVP 1 and hourly for p-iSVP 2 and p-iSVP 3. The survival of these sensors depended on their battery life, since p-iSVPs can continue to drift in the ocean after ice melting and can be further refrozen in between floes. p-iSVP 1 and p-iSVP 3 continued to transmit data until 15 October 2019. p-iSVP 2 stopped transmitting data on 25 August 2019. During the spring expedition, three standard Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers (iSVPs 4-6; Pacific Gyre model) were deployed by SAWS between 24 October and 28 October 2019 (de Vos et al., 2022). Specifically-designed frames were built around these three iSVPs to allow them to stand securely on the ice, without damaging the non-polar battery, and also to make sure they operated as Lagrangian ice trackers. These buoys were deployed during first-year ice conditions, with an average ice thickness of 80-90 cm. The instruments were deployed with the same protocol as the winter buoys. These buoys recorded GPS position, air temperature and barometric pressure, every hour. Their survival, like the winter p-iSVPs, also depended on their battery life, and therefore it was possible for them to continue to drift after ice melting. The iSVPs transmitted data until 19 December 2019. <strong>Buoy names and raw data:</strong> p-iSVP 1: 300234067003010-300234067003010-20191015T064320UTC.csv p-iSVP 2: 300234067002060-300234067002060-20191015T064316UTC.csv p-iSVP 3: 300234066992870-300234066992870-20191015T064314UTC.csv iSVP 4: 300234066433050.xlsx iSVP 5: 300234066433051.xlsx iSVP 6: 300234066433052.xlsx <strong>Related code: </strong>The buoy data has been processed using https://github.com/mvichi/antarctic-buoys/.数据集简要说明：2019年冬、春季，科考团队随阿古拉斯二世号（SA Agulhas II）科考船沿好望角航线（0°E）前往威德尔海东北部的南极边缘冰区（Marginal Ice Zone, MIZ），作为南大洋季节试验（Southern oCean seAsonal Experiment, SCALE; Ryan-Keogh and Vichi, 2022）的一部分开展科考工作。 冬季科考期间，南非气象局（South African Weather Service, SAWS）于2019年7月27日至7月28日部署了三台极地铱星表面速度剖面浮标（polar Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers, p-iSVPs; MetOcean模型），相关分析成果见de Vos等人（2022）的研究。本次部署区域为饼状冰环境，平均冰厚40~60厘米。科考人员以人工操作方式，通过起重机将浮标安置于吊篮中，从舰船吊运至冰面。其中第一台浮标（p-iSVP 1）部署于饼状冰间隙的开阔水域，另外两台（p-iSVP 2与p-iSVP 3）部署于直径大于3米的近似圆形冰盘之上。 该系列浮标为一次性使用设备，可记录GPS位置、气温、冰温与大气压力。p-iSVP 1的采样时间分辨率为30分钟，p-iSVP 2与p-iSVP 3的采样时间分辨率为1小时。浮标传感器的续航能力依赖电池寿命：极地铱星表面速度剖面浮标可在冰盖融化后继续在大洋中漂流，并可在冰盘间隙重新冻结，因此p-iSVP 1与p-iSVP 3的信号传输持续至2019年10月15日，而p-iSVP 2于2019年8月25日停止数据传输。 春季科考期间，SAWS于2019年10月24日至10月28日部署了三台标准铱星表面速度剖面浮标（Iridium Surface Velocity Profilers, iSVPs 4~6; Pacific Gyre模型），相关信息见de Vos等人（2022）的研究。为使浮标能稳固放置于冰面且不损坏非极地专用电池，同时确保其作为拉格朗日冰迹追踪器（Lagrangian ice tracker）正常工作，科研人员为这三台iSVPs定制了专用安装框架。本次部署区域为一年冰环境，平均冰厚80~90厘米，浮标部署流程与冬季浮标一致。该系列浮标可每小时记录一次GPS位置、气温与大气压力，其续航能力同样依赖电池寿命，冰盖融化后亦可继续在大洋中漂流。所有iSVPs的信号传输持续至2019年12月19日。 浮标名称与原始数据： p-iSVP 1: 300234067003010-300234067003010-20191015T064320UTC.csv p-iSVP 2: 300234067002060-300234067002060-20191015T064316UTC.csv p-iSVP 3: 300234066992870-300234066992870-20191015T064314UTC.csv iSVP 4: 300234066433050.xlsx iSVP 5: 300234066433051.xlsx iSVP 6: 300234066433052.xlsx 相关代码：本浮标数据已通过https://github.com/mvichi/antarctic-buoys/ 完成处理。